On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity

<i>Primula veris</i> (Primulaceae) is a valuable medicinal plant. The main characteristics for assessing the reproductive potential (embryological features; mode of reproduction; pollen and seed viability) and the genetic diversity of populations of the species from Bulgaria were studied...

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Main Authors: Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova, Petka Yurukova-Grancharova, Ina Aneva, Petar Zhelev
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-10-01
Series:Plants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2296
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author Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova
Petka Yurukova-Grancharova
Ina Aneva
Petar Zhelev
author_facet Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova
Petka Yurukova-Grancharova
Ina Aneva
Petar Zhelev
author_sort Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova
collection DOAJ
description <i>Primula veris</i> (Primulaceae) is a valuable medicinal plant. The main characteristics for assessing the reproductive potential (embryological features; mode of reproduction; pollen and seed viability) and the genetic diversity of populations of the species from Bulgaria were studied. The anthers are tetrasporangiate. Their wall development follows the Dicotyledonous-type and consists of: epidermis, a fibrous endothecium, an ephemeral middle layer and a secretory (glandular) tapetum. After meiosis in pollen mother cells and simultaneous microsporogenesis tetrahedral tetrads are formed predominantly in the anthers. Many ovules (approximately 20) develop in the unilocular ovary and are anatropous, tenuinucellate and bitegmic. The embryo sac (ES) develops after <i>Polygonum</i> (monosporic)-type from the chalazal cell of linear megaspore tetrad in the ovule. After double fertilization, a Caryophyllad-type embryo and initially nuclear endosperm form. In the studied populations, high pollen viability of more than 95% was established. Extremely low viability (about 4%) of the seeds obtained from natural populations was established. The results reveal <i>P. veris</i> to be a predominantly amphimictic (sexually reproducing) species, although rare vegetative propagation is also observed. As a result of this study, essential data were obtained about the reproductive structures and processes and for assessing the reproductive potential of <i>P. veris</i>.
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spelling doaj.art-2b765d21625b46118cd1c80857e8a4872023-11-23T01:03:10ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-10-011011229610.3390/plants10112296On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic DiversityElina Yankova-Tsvetkova0Petka Yurukova-Grancharova1Ina Aneva2Petar Zhelev3Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Dendrology, University of Forestry, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria<i>Primula veris</i> (Primulaceae) is a valuable medicinal plant. The main characteristics for assessing the reproductive potential (embryological features; mode of reproduction; pollen and seed viability) and the genetic diversity of populations of the species from Bulgaria were studied. The anthers are tetrasporangiate. Their wall development follows the Dicotyledonous-type and consists of: epidermis, a fibrous endothecium, an ephemeral middle layer and a secretory (glandular) tapetum. After meiosis in pollen mother cells and simultaneous microsporogenesis tetrahedral tetrads are formed predominantly in the anthers. Many ovules (approximately 20) develop in the unilocular ovary and are anatropous, tenuinucellate and bitegmic. The embryo sac (ES) develops after <i>Polygonum</i> (monosporic)-type from the chalazal cell of linear megaspore tetrad in the ovule. After double fertilization, a Caryophyllad-type embryo and initially nuclear endosperm form. In the studied populations, high pollen viability of more than 95% was established. Extremely low viability (about 4%) of the seeds obtained from natural populations was established. The results reveal <i>P. veris</i> to be a predominantly amphimictic (sexually reproducing) species, although rare vegetative propagation is also observed. As a result of this study, essential data were obtained about the reproductive structures and processes and for assessing the reproductive potential of <i>P. veris</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2296embryologypollen and seed viability<i>Primula</i><i>Primula veris</i>reproductionreproductive potential
spellingShingle Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova
Petka Yurukova-Grancharova
Ina Aneva
Petar Zhelev
On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity
Plants
embryology
pollen and seed viability
<i>Primula</i>
<i>Primula veris</i>
reproduction
reproductive potential
title On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity
title_full On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity
title_fullStr On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity
title_full_unstemmed On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity
title_short On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity
title_sort on the reproductive potential in i primula veris i l primulaceae embryological features pollen and seed viability genetic diversity
topic embryology
pollen and seed viability
<i>Primula</i>
<i>Primula veris</i>
reproduction
reproductive potential
url https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2296
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