On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity
<i>Primula veris</i> (Primulaceae) is a valuable medicinal plant. The main characteristics for assessing the reproductive potential (embryological features; mode of reproduction; pollen and seed viability) and the genetic diversity of populations of the species from Bulgaria were studied...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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author | Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova Petka Yurukova-Grancharova Ina Aneva Petar Zhelev |
author_facet | Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova Petka Yurukova-Grancharova Ina Aneva Petar Zhelev |
author_sort | Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova |
collection | DOAJ |
description | <i>Primula veris</i> (Primulaceae) is a valuable medicinal plant. The main characteristics for assessing the reproductive potential (embryological features; mode of reproduction; pollen and seed viability) and the genetic diversity of populations of the species from Bulgaria were studied. The anthers are tetrasporangiate. Their wall development follows the Dicotyledonous-type and consists of: epidermis, a fibrous endothecium, an ephemeral middle layer and a secretory (glandular) tapetum. After meiosis in pollen mother cells and simultaneous microsporogenesis tetrahedral tetrads are formed predominantly in the anthers. Many ovules (approximately 20) develop in the unilocular ovary and are anatropous, tenuinucellate and bitegmic. The embryo sac (ES) develops after <i>Polygonum</i> (monosporic)-type from the chalazal cell of linear megaspore tetrad in the ovule. After double fertilization, a Caryophyllad-type embryo and initially nuclear endosperm form. In the studied populations, high pollen viability of more than 95% was established. Extremely low viability (about 4%) of the seeds obtained from natural populations was established. The results reveal <i>P. veris</i> to be a predominantly amphimictic (sexually reproducing) species, although rare vegetative propagation is also observed. As a result of this study, essential data were obtained about the reproductive structures and processes and for assessing the reproductive potential of <i>P. veris</i>. |
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spelling | doaj.art-2b765d21625b46118cd1c80857e8a4872023-11-23T01:03:10ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-10-011011229610.3390/plants10112296On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic DiversityElina Yankova-Tsvetkova0Petka Yurukova-Grancharova1Ina Aneva2Petar Zhelev3Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Dendrology, University of Forestry, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria<i>Primula veris</i> (Primulaceae) is a valuable medicinal plant. The main characteristics for assessing the reproductive potential (embryological features; mode of reproduction; pollen and seed viability) and the genetic diversity of populations of the species from Bulgaria were studied. The anthers are tetrasporangiate. Their wall development follows the Dicotyledonous-type and consists of: epidermis, a fibrous endothecium, an ephemeral middle layer and a secretory (glandular) tapetum. After meiosis in pollen mother cells and simultaneous microsporogenesis tetrahedral tetrads are formed predominantly in the anthers. Many ovules (approximately 20) develop in the unilocular ovary and are anatropous, tenuinucellate and bitegmic. The embryo sac (ES) develops after <i>Polygonum</i> (monosporic)-type from the chalazal cell of linear megaspore tetrad in the ovule. After double fertilization, a Caryophyllad-type embryo and initially nuclear endosperm form. In the studied populations, high pollen viability of more than 95% was established. Extremely low viability (about 4%) of the seeds obtained from natural populations was established. The results reveal <i>P. veris</i> to be a predominantly amphimictic (sexually reproducing) species, although rare vegetative propagation is also observed. As a result of this study, essential data were obtained about the reproductive structures and processes and for assessing the reproductive potential of <i>P. veris</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2296embryologypollen and seed viability<i>Primula</i><i>Primula veris</i>reproductionreproductive potential |
spellingShingle | Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova Petka Yurukova-Grancharova Ina Aneva Petar Zhelev On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity Plants embryology pollen and seed viability <i>Primula</i> <i>Primula veris</i> reproduction reproductive potential |
title | On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity |
title_full | On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity |
title_fullStr | On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity |
title_full_unstemmed | On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity |
title_short | On the Reproductive Potential in <i>Primula veris</i> L. (Primulaceae): Embryological Features, Pollen and Seed Viability, Genetic Diversity |
title_sort | on the reproductive potential in i primula veris i l primulaceae embryological features pollen and seed viability genetic diversity |
topic | embryology pollen and seed viability <i>Primula</i> <i>Primula veris</i> reproduction reproductive potential |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2296 |
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