Comparison of Changes in Gut Microbiota in Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs Using 16S rRNA Gene and Metagenomics Sequencing Technologies
Gut microbiota diversity is a result of co-evolution between microorganisms and their hosts. However, there are few studies on the evolution of the gut microbiota of wild boars and domestic pigs. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the composition and function of the gut microbiota of wild boars...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/17/2270 |
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| author | Limin Wei Weiying Zhou Zhaojing Zhu |
| author_facet | Limin Wei Weiying Zhou Zhaojing Zhu |
| author_sort | Limin Wei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gut microbiota diversity is a result of co-evolution between microorganisms and their hosts. However, there are few studies on the evolution of the gut microbiota of wild boars and domestic pigs. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the composition and function of the gut microbiota of wild boars and domestic pigs using 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing, 16S rRNA gene full-length sequencing, and metagenomic sequencing. This study showed that after a long evolution, as compared to wild boars, the domestic pigs exhibited significantly increased relative abundances of <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i>, <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i>, <i>Lactobacillus sp.DJF_WC5</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus</i>; <i>s_uncultured bacterium</i>, while the relative abundances of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Methanococcaceae</i> decreased significantly. In addition, the relative abundances of “carbohydrate metabolism”, “starch and sucrose metabolism”, “valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis”, “lysine biosynthesis”, and starch-degrading CAZymes were significantly increased in the domestic pigs, while the relative abundances of “environmental adaptation”, “immune system”, “fatty acid degradation and synthesis”, and cellulose-hemicellulose-degrading CAZymes were significantly increased in the wild boars. Finally, the diversity of ARGs and the “antimicrobial resistance genes” in domestic pigs also increased significantly. This study illustrates that the gut microbiota composition and function of wild boars and domestic pigs changed during the long evolution process. These findings provide a basic research theory for the evolution of gut microbiota and the treatment of health and disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:06:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b774769d14c413799d6e12d95708330 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:06:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b774769d14c413799d6e12d957083302023-11-23T12:38:08ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-09-011217227010.3390/ani12172270Comparison of Changes in Gut Microbiota in Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs Using 16S rRNA Gene and Metagenomics Sequencing TechnologiesLimin Wei0Weiying Zhou1Zhaojing Zhu2Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, ChinaGut microbiota diversity is a result of co-evolution between microorganisms and their hosts. However, there are few studies on the evolution of the gut microbiota of wild boars and domestic pigs. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the composition and function of the gut microbiota of wild boars and domestic pigs using 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing, 16S rRNA gene full-length sequencing, and metagenomic sequencing. This study showed that after a long evolution, as compared to wild boars, the domestic pigs exhibited significantly increased relative abundances of <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i>, <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i>, <i>Lactobacillus sp.DJF_WC5</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus</i>; <i>s_uncultured bacterium</i>, while the relative abundances of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Methanococcaceae</i> decreased significantly. In addition, the relative abundances of “carbohydrate metabolism”, “starch and sucrose metabolism”, “valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis”, “lysine biosynthesis”, and starch-degrading CAZymes were significantly increased in the domestic pigs, while the relative abundances of “environmental adaptation”, “immune system”, “fatty acid degradation and synthesis”, and cellulose-hemicellulose-degrading CAZymes were significantly increased in the wild boars. Finally, the diversity of ARGs and the “antimicrobial resistance genes” in domestic pigs also increased significantly. This study illustrates that the gut microbiota composition and function of wild boars and domestic pigs changed during the long evolution process. These findings provide a basic research theory for the evolution of gut microbiota and the treatment of health and disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/17/2270wild boarsdomestic pigsgut microbiota16S rRNA V3-V4 sequencing16S rRNA full-length sequencingmetagenomics |
| spellingShingle | Limin Wei Weiying Zhou Zhaojing Zhu Comparison of Changes in Gut Microbiota in Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs Using 16S rRNA Gene and Metagenomics Sequencing Technologies Animals wild boars domestic pigs gut microbiota 16S rRNA V3-V4 sequencing 16S rRNA full-length sequencing metagenomics |
| title | Comparison of Changes in Gut Microbiota in Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs Using 16S rRNA Gene and Metagenomics Sequencing Technologies |
| title_full | Comparison of Changes in Gut Microbiota in Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs Using 16S rRNA Gene and Metagenomics Sequencing Technologies |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Changes in Gut Microbiota in Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs Using 16S rRNA Gene and Metagenomics Sequencing Technologies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Changes in Gut Microbiota in Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs Using 16S rRNA Gene and Metagenomics Sequencing Technologies |
| title_short | Comparison of Changes in Gut Microbiota in Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs Using 16S rRNA Gene and Metagenomics Sequencing Technologies |
| title_sort | comparison of changes in gut microbiota in wild boars and domestic pigs using 16s rrna gene and metagenomics sequencing technologies |
| topic | wild boars domestic pigs gut microbiota 16S rRNA V3-V4 sequencing 16S rRNA full-length sequencing metagenomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/17/2270 |
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