Bacterial Microbiota and Soil Fertility of <i>Crocus sativus</i> L. Rhizosphere in the Presence and Absence of <i>Fusarium</i> spp.
Intensive agricultural practices have led to intense soil degradation and soil fertility losses. Many soil-borne diseases affect these intensive agricultural soils, worsening the physical-chemical and fertility imbalances. Among the numerous pathogens, the genus <i>Fusarium</i> includes...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| author | Beatrice Farda Rihab Djebaili Matteo Bernardi Loretta Pace Maddalena Del Gallo Marika Pellegrini |
| author_facet | Beatrice Farda Rihab Djebaili Matteo Bernardi Loretta Pace Maddalena Del Gallo Marika Pellegrini |
| author_sort | Beatrice Farda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intensive agricultural practices have led to intense soil degradation and soil fertility losses. Many soil-borne diseases affect these intensive agricultural soils, worsening the physical-chemical and fertility imbalances. Among the numerous pathogens, the genus <i>Fusarium</i> includes members that destroy many crops, including <i>Crocus sativus</i> L., which also impairs the composition and functions of the microbial communities. This work aimed to investigate, for the first time, the bacterial communities of the rhizosphere of saffron in the presence and absence of fusariosis. The rhizosphere of the saffron fields in the territory of L’Aquila (Italy) with and without fusariosis was sampled and subjected to a microbiological analysis. Culture-dependent methods characterized the fusariosis. The dehydrogenase activity assay was estimated. The metabarcoding of the <i>16S rRNA</i> gene, a metagenome functioning prediction, and a network analysis were also carried out. The results showed that fusariosis, when it is linked to intensive agricultural practices, causes alterations in the microbial communities of the rhizosphere. The culture-dependent and independent approaches have shown changes in the bacterial community in the presence of fusariosis, with functional and enzymatic imbalances. The samples showed a prevalence of uncultured and unknown taxa. Most of the known Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) were associated with the Pseudomonadoa (syn. Proteobacteria) lineage. The composition and richness of this phylum were significantly altered by the presence of <i>Fusarium</i>. Moreover, pathogenesis appeared to improve the ASVs interconnections. The metagenome functions were also modified in the presence of fusariosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:13:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b858519fa0541b3b3e1652613b873ac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:13:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| series | Land |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b858519fa0541b3b3e1652613b873ac2023-11-24T08:55:55ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2022-11-011111204810.3390/land11112048Bacterial Microbiota and Soil Fertility of <i>Crocus sativus</i> L. Rhizosphere in the Presence and Absence of <i>Fusarium</i> spp.Beatrice Farda0Rihab Djebaili1Matteo Bernardi2Loretta Pace3Maddalena Del Gallo4Marika Pellegrini5Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, ItalyDepartment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, ItalyDepartment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, ItalyDepartment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, ItalyDepartment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, ItalyDepartment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, ItalyIntensive agricultural practices have led to intense soil degradation and soil fertility losses. Many soil-borne diseases affect these intensive agricultural soils, worsening the physical-chemical and fertility imbalances. Among the numerous pathogens, the genus <i>Fusarium</i> includes members that destroy many crops, including <i>Crocus sativus</i> L., which also impairs the composition and functions of the microbial communities. This work aimed to investigate, for the first time, the bacterial communities of the rhizosphere of saffron in the presence and absence of fusariosis. The rhizosphere of the saffron fields in the territory of L’Aquila (Italy) with and without fusariosis was sampled and subjected to a microbiological analysis. Culture-dependent methods characterized the fusariosis. The dehydrogenase activity assay was estimated. The metabarcoding of the <i>16S rRNA</i> gene, a metagenome functioning prediction, and a network analysis were also carried out. The results showed that fusariosis, when it is linked to intensive agricultural practices, causes alterations in the microbial communities of the rhizosphere. The culture-dependent and independent approaches have shown changes in the bacterial community in the presence of fusariosis, with functional and enzymatic imbalances. The samples showed a prevalence of uncultured and unknown taxa. Most of the known Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) were associated with the Pseudomonadoa (syn. Proteobacteria) lineage. The composition and richness of this phylum were significantly altered by the presence of <i>Fusarium</i>. Moreover, pathogenesis appeared to improve the ASVs interconnections. The metagenome functions were also modified in the presence of fusariosis.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/11/2048saffronfusariosissoil microbial diversityDHA assay16S metabarcodingPICRUSt 2 |
| spellingShingle | Beatrice Farda Rihab Djebaili Matteo Bernardi Loretta Pace Maddalena Del Gallo Marika Pellegrini Bacterial Microbiota and Soil Fertility of <i>Crocus sativus</i> L. Rhizosphere in the Presence and Absence of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. Land saffron fusariosis soil microbial diversity DHA assay 16S metabarcoding PICRUSt 2 |
| title | Bacterial Microbiota and Soil Fertility of <i>Crocus sativus</i> L. Rhizosphere in the Presence and Absence of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. |
| title_full | Bacterial Microbiota and Soil Fertility of <i>Crocus sativus</i> L. Rhizosphere in the Presence and Absence of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. |
| title_fullStr | Bacterial Microbiota and Soil Fertility of <i>Crocus sativus</i> L. Rhizosphere in the Presence and Absence of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial Microbiota and Soil Fertility of <i>Crocus sativus</i> L. Rhizosphere in the Presence and Absence of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. |
| title_short | Bacterial Microbiota and Soil Fertility of <i>Crocus sativus</i> L. Rhizosphere in the Presence and Absence of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. |
| title_sort | bacterial microbiota and soil fertility of i crocus sativus i l rhizosphere in the presence and absence of i fusarium i spp |
| topic | saffron fusariosis soil microbial diversity DHA assay 16S metabarcoding PICRUSt 2 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/11/2048 |
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