Future Therapeutic Strategies for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and challenging clinical symptom in Parkinson’s disease. In this review, we summarise the recent insights into freezing of gait and highlight the strategies that should be considered to improve future treatment. There is a need to develop individualised and on-dema...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2021.741918/full |
| _version_ | 1818732720788865024 |
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| author | Cathy K. Cui Simon J. G. Lewis |
| author_facet | Cathy K. Cui Simon J. G. Lewis |
| author_sort | Cathy K. Cui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and challenging clinical symptom in Parkinson’s disease. In this review, we summarise the recent insights into freezing of gait and highlight the strategies that should be considered to improve future treatment. There is a need to develop individualised and on-demand therapies, through improved detection and wearable technologies. Whilst there already exist a number of pharmacological (e.g., dopaminergic and beyond dopamine), non-pharmacological (physiotherapy and cueing, cognitive training, and non-invasive brain stimulation) and surgical approaches to freezing (i.e., dual-site deep brain stimulation, closed-loop programming), an integrated collaborative approach to future research in this complex area will be necessary to systematically investigate new therapeutic avenues. A review of the literature suggests standardising how gait freezing is measured, enriching patient cohorts for preventative studies, and harnessing the power of existing data, could help lead to more effective treatments for freezing of gait and offer relief to many patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T23:38:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b863ac4ff804afd9151a872b63527bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T23:38:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b863ac4ff804afd9151a872b63527bd2022-12-21T21:28:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612021-11-011510.3389/fnhum.2021.741918741918Future Therapeutic Strategies for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s DiseaseCathy K. CuiSimon J. G. LewisFreezing of gait (FOG) is a common and challenging clinical symptom in Parkinson’s disease. In this review, we summarise the recent insights into freezing of gait and highlight the strategies that should be considered to improve future treatment. There is a need to develop individualised and on-demand therapies, through improved detection and wearable technologies. Whilst there already exist a number of pharmacological (e.g., dopaminergic and beyond dopamine), non-pharmacological (physiotherapy and cueing, cognitive training, and non-invasive brain stimulation) and surgical approaches to freezing (i.e., dual-site deep brain stimulation, closed-loop programming), an integrated collaborative approach to future research in this complex area will be necessary to systematically investigate new therapeutic avenues. A review of the literature suggests standardising how gait freezing is measured, enriching patient cohorts for preventative studies, and harnessing the power of existing data, could help lead to more effective treatments for freezing of gait and offer relief to many patients.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2021.741918/fullgait disordersdopamine agentsdeep brain stimulationnon-invasive stimulationphysical therapyrepurposing |
| spellingShingle | Cathy K. Cui Simon J. G. Lewis Future Therapeutic Strategies for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease Frontiers in Human Neuroscience gait disorders dopamine agents deep brain stimulation non-invasive stimulation physical therapy repurposing |
| title | Future Therapeutic Strategies for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_full | Future Therapeutic Strategies for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Future Therapeutic Strategies for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Future Therapeutic Strategies for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_short | Future Therapeutic Strategies for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_sort | future therapeutic strategies for freezing of gait in parkinson s disease |
| topic | gait disorders dopamine agents deep brain stimulation non-invasive stimulation physical therapy repurposing |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2021.741918/full |
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