Glycated Proteins, Glycine, Acetate, and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids May Act as New Biomarkers to Predict the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Food protein or food-derived peptides may regulate blood glucose levels; however, studies have shown inconsistent results. The aim of the present study was to characterize subgroups of individuals with increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to investigate the cardiometabolic effects of fish pro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/23/5165 |
| _version_ | 1797462364355821568 |
|---|---|
| author | Francisco Canet Jacob J. Christensen Victor M. Victor Kristin S. Hustad Inger Ottestad Amanda Rundblad Thomas Sæther Knut Tomas Dalen Stine M. Ulven Kirsten B. Holven Vibeke H. Telle-Hansen |
| author_facet | Francisco Canet Jacob J. Christensen Victor M. Victor Kristin S. Hustad Inger Ottestad Amanda Rundblad Thomas Sæther Knut Tomas Dalen Stine M. Ulven Kirsten B. Holven Vibeke H. Telle-Hansen |
| author_sort | Francisco Canet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Food protein or food-derived peptides may regulate blood glucose levels; however, studies have shown inconsistent results. The aim of the present study was to characterize subgroups of individuals with increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to investigate the cardiometabolic effects of fish protein in the same subgroups. We first divided participants into high insulin<sub>iAUC</sub> and low insulin<sub>iAUC</sub> subjects based on their insulin incremental area under the curve (iAUC) levels after a 2 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and secondly based on whether they had received 5.2 g salmon fish protein or placebo for 8 weeks, in a previously conducted randomized controlled trial (RCT). We then profiled these groups by analyzing plasma metabolomics and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression. Compared to the low insulin<sub>iAUC</sub> group, the high insulin<sub>iAUC</sub> group had higher plasma concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and glycated proteins (GlycA) and lower concentrations of glycine and acetate. After intervention with fish protein compared to placebo, however, only acetate was significantly increased in the low insulin<sub>iAUC</sub> group. In conclusion, we identified metabolic biomarkers known to be associated with T2D; also, intervention with fish protein did not affect cardiometabolic risk markers in subgroups with increased risk of T2D. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:35:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2ba0bead5af1412d800d0c135d4115fe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:35:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-2ba0bead5af1412d800d0c135d4115fe2023-11-24T11:53:14ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-12-011423516510.3390/nu14235165Glycated Proteins, Glycine, Acetate, and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids May Act as New Biomarkers to Predict the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled TrialFrancisco Canet0Jacob J. Christensen1Victor M. Victor2Kristin S. Hustad3Inger Ottestad4Amanda Rundblad5Thomas Sæther6Knut Tomas Dalen7Stine M. Ulven8Kirsten B. Holven9Vibeke H. Telle-Hansen10Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 40617 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, NorwayService of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 40617 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, NorwayFood protein or food-derived peptides may regulate blood glucose levels; however, studies have shown inconsistent results. The aim of the present study was to characterize subgroups of individuals with increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to investigate the cardiometabolic effects of fish protein in the same subgroups. We first divided participants into high insulin<sub>iAUC</sub> and low insulin<sub>iAUC</sub> subjects based on their insulin incremental area under the curve (iAUC) levels after a 2 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and secondly based on whether they had received 5.2 g salmon fish protein or placebo for 8 weeks, in a previously conducted randomized controlled trial (RCT). We then profiled these groups by analyzing plasma metabolomics and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression. Compared to the low insulin<sub>iAUC</sub> group, the high insulin<sub>iAUC</sub> group had higher plasma concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and glycated proteins (GlycA) and lower concentrations of glycine and acetate. After intervention with fish protein compared to placebo, however, only acetate was significantly increased in the low insulin<sub>iAUC</sub> group. In conclusion, we identified metabolic biomarkers known to be associated with T2D; also, intervention with fish protein did not affect cardiometabolic risk markers in subgroups with increased risk of T2D.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/23/5165diabetessalmon fish proteinfishmealmetabolometranscriptomemetabolic profile |
| spellingShingle | Francisco Canet Jacob J. Christensen Victor M. Victor Kristin S. Hustad Inger Ottestad Amanda Rundblad Thomas Sæther Knut Tomas Dalen Stine M. Ulven Kirsten B. Holven Vibeke H. Telle-Hansen Glycated Proteins, Glycine, Acetate, and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids May Act as New Biomarkers to Predict the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial Nutrients diabetes salmon fish protein fishmeal metabolome transcriptome metabolic profile |
| title | Glycated Proteins, Glycine, Acetate, and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids May Act as New Biomarkers to Predict the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_full | Glycated Proteins, Glycine, Acetate, and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids May Act as New Biomarkers to Predict the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_fullStr | Glycated Proteins, Glycine, Acetate, and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids May Act as New Biomarkers to Predict the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glycated Proteins, Glycine, Acetate, and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids May Act as New Biomarkers to Predict the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_short | Glycated Proteins, Glycine, Acetate, and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids May Act as New Biomarkers to Predict the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_sort | glycated proteins glycine acetate and monounsaturated fatty acids may act as new biomarkers to predict the progression of type 2 diabetes secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial |
| topic | diabetes salmon fish protein fishmeal metabolome transcriptome metabolic profile |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/23/5165 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT franciscocanet glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT jacobjchristensen glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT victormvictor glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT kristinshustad glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT ingerottestad glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT amandarundblad glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT thomassæther glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT knuttomasdalen glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT stinemulven glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT kirstenbholven glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial AT vibekehtellehansen glycatedproteinsglycineacetateandmonounsaturatedfattyacidsmayactasnewbiomarkerstopredicttheprogressionoftype2diabetessecondaryanalysesofarandomizedcontrolledtrial |