Biosensing by Polymer-Coated Etched Long-Period Fiber Gratings Working near Mode Transition and Turn-around Point
A methodology to enhance the sensitivity of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) based on the combination of three different enhancement approaches is presented; the methods here adopted are the working near mode transition (MT) of a cladding mode (CM), working near the turn-around point of a CM and t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/7/731 |
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| author | Tanoy Kumar Dey Cosimo Trono Palas Biswas Ambra Giannetti Nandini Basumallick Francesco Baldini Somnath Bandyopadhyay Sara Tombelli |
| author_facet | Tanoy Kumar Dey Cosimo Trono Palas Biswas Ambra Giannetti Nandini Basumallick Francesco Baldini Somnath Bandyopadhyay Sara Tombelli |
| author_sort | Tanoy Kumar Dey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A methodology to enhance the sensitivity of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) based on the combination of three different enhancement approaches is presented; the methods here adopted are the working near mode transition (MT) of a cladding mode (CM), working near the turn-around point of a CM and the enhancement of the evanescent field of CMs by reducing the cladding diameter or by increasing the order number of CMs. In order to combine these enhancement methodologies, an electrostatic self-assembly (ESA) process was used to deposit a polymeric overlay, with a chosen thickness, onto the etched fiber. The add-layer sensitivity of the sensor was theoretically calculated, and the demonstration of the real applicability of the developed LPFG as a biosensor was performed by means of an IgG/anti-IgG immunoassay in human serum in a thermostated microfluidic system. The limits of detection (LODs) calculated by following different procedures (three times the standard deviation of the blank and the mean value of the residuals) were 6.9 × 10<sup>−8</sup> µg/mL and 4.5 × 10<sup>−6</sup> µg/mL, respectively. The calculated LODs demonstrate the effectiveness of the applied methodology for sensitivity enhancement. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:15:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2bafb3c3f6214d588a247ef1ee68c4b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:15:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-2bafb3c3f6214d588a247ef1ee68c4b82023-11-18T18:33:13ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742023-07-0113773110.3390/bios13070731Biosensing by Polymer-Coated Etched Long-Period Fiber Gratings Working near Mode Transition and Turn-around PointTanoy Kumar Dey0Cosimo Trono1Palas Biswas2Ambra Giannetti3Nandini Basumallick4Francesco Baldini5Somnath Bandyopadhyay6Sara Tombelli7Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, CSIR-CGCRI, 196 Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, IndiaIstituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, CNR-IFAC, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyCentral Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, CSIR-CGCRI, 196 Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, IndiaIstituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, CNR-IFAC, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyCentral Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, CSIR-CGCRI, 196 Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, IndiaIstituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, CNR-IFAC, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyCentral Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, CSIR-CGCRI, 196 Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, IndiaIstituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, CNR-IFAC, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyA methodology to enhance the sensitivity of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) based on the combination of three different enhancement approaches is presented; the methods here adopted are the working near mode transition (MT) of a cladding mode (CM), working near the turn-around point of a CM and the enhancement of the evanescent field of CMs by reducing the cladding diameter or by increasing the order number of CMs. In order to combine these enhancement methodologies, an electrostatic self-assembly (ESA) process was used to deposit a polymeric overlay, with a chosen thickness, onto the etched fiber. The add-layer sensitivity of the sensor was theoretically calculated, and the demonstration of the real applicability of the developed LPFG as a biosensor was performed by means of an IgG/anti-IgG immunoassay in human serum in a thermostated microfluidic system. The limits of detection (LODs) calculated by following different procedures (three times the standard deviation of the blank and the mean value of the residuals) were 6.9 × 10<sup>−8</sup> µg/mL and 4.5 × 10<sup>−6</sup> µg/mL, respectively. The calculated LODs demonstrate the effectiveness of the applied methodology for sensitivity enhancement.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/7/731long-period fiber gratinglabel-free biosensingetchingcladding modesensitivity enhancement |
| spellingShingle | Tanoy Kumar Dey Cosimo Trono Palas Biswas Ambra Giannetti Nandini Basumallick Francesco Baldini Somnath Bandyopadhyay Sara Tombelli Biosensing by Polymer-Coated Etched Long-Period Fiber Gratings Working near Mode Transition and Turn-around Point Biosensors long-period fiber grating label-free biosensing etching cladding mode sensitivity enhancement |
| title | Biosensing by Polymer-Coated Etched Long-Period Fiber Gratings Working near Mode Transition and Turn-around Point |
| title_full | Biosensing by Polymer-Coated Etched Long-Period Fiber Gratings Working near Mode Transition and Turn-around Point |
| title_fullStr | Biosensing by Polymer-Coated Etched Long-Period Fiber Gratings Working near Mode Transition and Turn-around Point |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biosensing by Polymer-Coated Etched Long-Period Fiber Gratings Working near Mode Transition and Turn-around Point |
| title_short | Biosensing by Polymer-Coated Etched Long-Period Fiber Gratings Working near Mode Transition and Turn-around Point |
| title_sort | biosensing by polymer coated etched long period fiber gratings working near mode transition and turn around point |
| topic | long-period fiber grating label-free biosensing etching cladding mode sensitivity enhancement |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/7/731 |
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