Pro and Contra on Adjuvants to Neuroaxial Anesthesia and Peripheral Nerve Blocks – Review Article
Modern approach in surgical treatment and in managing acute and chronic pain is nowadays more and more based on the implementation of all possible techniques of regional anesthesia (RA). Local anesthetics (LA) are needed to achieve standard regional anesthesia. Local anesthetics are primarily cha...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sestre Milosrdnice University hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical Research
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Acta Clinica Croatica |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/411467 |
| _version_ | 1827281971411156992 |
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| author | Lada Kalagac Fabris |
| author_facet | Lada Kalagac Fabris |
| author_sort | Lada Kalagac Fabris |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Modern approach in surgical treatment and in managing acute and chronic pain is
nowadays more and more based on the implementation of all possible techniques of regional anesthesia
(RA). Local anesthetics (LA) are needed to achieve standard regional anesthesia. Local anesthetics
are primarily characterized by time constraints and duration of action, and depending on the amount
applied, adverse effects on the cardiac and central nervous system may occur.
Adjuvants are drugs used together with LA due to their synergistic effect, i.e. they improve start
latency and duration of sensory and motor blockade and enable reduction of cumulative dose of LA
and reduction of adverse effects on cardiac and nervous system. Nowadays, there is a huge variety of
drugs that can be administered in combination with LA, and they, in general, can be divided into
opioid and non-opioid adjuvants. The administration of opioids in RA over an extended time period
was accompanied by some negative characteristics as respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting. So,
their usage is still under a special control. Due to the positive effects shown by drugs from non-opioid
adjuvants group (e.g. adrenaline, alpha adrenergic agonists, steroids, magnesium, midazolam, ketamine
etc.), indications for their administration broadened. However, there are still some restrains in clinical
practice based on the fact that neurotoxicity and demonstration of neurological complications in regional
anesthesia haven’t been properly researched yet. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:10:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2bb1b40ed9a047af993c8aa8d77732d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0353-9466 1333-9451 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:10:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Sestre Milosrdnice University hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical Research |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Clinica Croatica |
| spelling | doaj.art-2bb1b40ed9a047af993c8aa8d77732d52024-04-15T17:58:51ZengSestre Milosrdnice University hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical ResearchActa Clinica Croatica0353-94661333-94512022-01-0161.Supplement 2576610.20471/acc.2022.61.s2.07Pro and Contra on Adjuvants to Neuroaxial Anesthesia and Peripheral Nerve Blocks – Review ArticleLada Kalagac Fabris0Departement of Anesthesiology, Intensive Medicine and Pain Therapy General Hospital Pula, CroatiaModern approach in surgical treatment and in managing acute and chronic pain is nowadays more and more based on the implementation of all possible techniques of regional anesthesia (RA). Local anesthetics (LA) are needed to achieve standard regional anesthesia. Local anesthetics are primarily characterized by time constraints and duration of action, and depending on the amount applied, adverse effects on the cardiac and central nervous system may occur. Adjuvants are drugs used together with LA due to their synergistic effect, i.e. they improve start latency and duration of sensory and motor blockade and enable reduction of cumulative dose of LA and reduction of adverse effects on cardiac and nervous system. Nowadays, there is a huge variety of drugs that can be administered in combination with LA, and they, in general, can be divided into opioid and non-opioid adjuvants. The administration of opioids in RA over an extended time period was accompanied by some negative characteristics as respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting. So, their usage is still under a special control. Due to the positive effects shown by drugs from non-opioid adjuvants group (e.g. adrenaline, alpha adrenergic agonists, steroids, magnesium, midazolam, ketamine etc.), indications for their administration broadened. However, there are still some restrains in clinical practice based on the fact that neurotoxicity and demonstration of neurological complications in regional anesthesia haven’t been properly researched yet.https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/411467AdjuvantsLocal anestheticsNeuraxial blockPeripheral neural blockOpioidsNon-opioids |
| spellingShingle | Lada Kalagac Fabris Pro and Contra on Adjuvants to Neuroaxial Anesthesia and Peripheral Nerve Blocks – Review Article Acta Clinica Croatica Adjuvants Local anesthetics Neuraxial block Peripheral neural block Opioids Non-opioids |
| title | Pro and Contra on Adjuvants to Neuroaxial Anesthesia and Peripheral Nerve Blocks – Review Article |
| title_full | Pro and Contra on Adjuvants to Neuroaxial Anesthesia and Peripheral Nerve Blocks – Review Article |
| title_fullStr | Pro and Contra on Adjuvants to Neuroaxial Anesthesia and Peripheral Nerve Blocks – Review Article |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pro and Contra on Adjuvants to Neuroaxial Anesthesia and Peripheral Nerve Blocks – Review Article |
| title_short | Pro and Contra on Adjuvants to Neuroaxial Anesthesia and Peripheral Nerve Blocks – Review Article |
| title_sort | pro and contra on adjuvants to neuroaxial anesthesia and peripheral nerve blocks review article |
| topic | Adjuvants Local anesthetics Neuraxial block Peripheral neural block Opioids Non-opioids |
| url | https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/411467 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ladakalagacfabris proandcontraonadjuvantstoneuroaxialanesthesiaandperipheralnerveblocksreviewarticle |