Increasing Terbinafine Resistance in Danish <i>Trichophyton</i> Isolates 2019–2020
Terbinafine resistance in <i>Trichophyton</i> species has emerged and appears to be increasing. A new EUCAST susceptibility testing method and tentative ECOFFs were recently proposed for <i>Trichophyton</i>. Terbinafine resistance and target gene mutations were detected in 16...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/2/150 |
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| author | Karen Marie Thyssen Astvad Rasmus Krøger Hare Karin Meinike Jørgensen Ditte Marie Lindhardt Saunte Philip Kjettinge Thomsen Maiken Cavling Arendrup |
| author_facet | Karen Marie Thyssen Astvad Rasmus Krøger Hare Karin Meinike Jørgensen Ditte Marie Lindhardt Saunte Philip Kjettinge Thomsen Maiken Cavling Arendrup |
| author_sort | Karen Marie Thyssen Astvad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Terbinafine resistance in <i>Trichophyton</i> species has emerged and appears to be increasing. A new EUCAST susceptibility testing method and tentative ECOFFs were recently proposed for <i>Trichophyton</i>. Terbinafine resistance and target gene mutations were detected in 16 Danish isolates in 2013–2018. In this study, samples/isolates submitted for dermatophyte susceptibility testing 2019–2020 were examined. Species identification (ITS sequencing for <i>T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale</i> species complex (SC) isolates), EUCAST MICs and squalene epoxidase (SQLE) profiles were obtained. Sixty-three isolates from 59 patients were included. <i>T. rubrum</i> accounted for 81% and <i>T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale</i> SC for 19%. Approximately 60% of <i>T. rubrum</i> and <i>T. mentagrophytes/interdigitale</i> SC isolates were terbinafine non-wildtype and/or had known/novel SQLE mutations with possible implications for terbinafine MICs. All infections with terbinafine-resistant <i>T. mentagrophytes/interdigitale</i> SC isolates were caused by <i>Trichophyton indotineae</i>. Compared to 2013–2018, the number of patients with terbinafine-resistant <i>Trichophyton</i> isolates increased. For <i>T. rubrum</i>, this is partly explained by an increase in number of requests for susceptibility testing. Terbinafine-resistant <i>T. indotineae</i> was first detected in 2018, but accounted for 19% of resistance (4 of 21 patients) in 2020. In conclusion, terbinafine resistance is an emerging problem in Denmark. Population based studies are warranted and susceptibility testing is highly relevant in non-responding cases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:38:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2bb56d7699a44461be5ed8148d2209e6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:38:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-2bb56d7699a44461be5ed8148d2209e62023-11-23T20:37:37ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-01-018215010.3390/jof8020150Increasing Terbinafine Resistance in Danish <i>Trichophyton</i> Isolates 2019–2020Karen Marie Thyssen Astvad0Rasmus Krøger Hare1Karin Meinike Jørgensen2Ditte Marie Lindhardt Saunte3Philip Kjettinge Thomsen4Maiken Cavling Arendrup5Unit of Mycology, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, DenmarkUnit of Mycology, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, DenmarkUnit of Mycology, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, DenmarkUnit of Mycology, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Aalborg University Hospital, DK-9220 Aalborg, DenmarkUnit of Mycology, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, DenmarkTerbinafine resistance in <i>Trichophyton</i> species has emerged and appears to be increasing. A new EUCAST susceptibility testing method and tentative ECOFFs were recently proposed for <i>Trichophyton</i>. Terbinafine resistance and target gene mutations were detected in 16 Danish isolates in 2013–2018. In this study, samples/isolates submitted for dermatophyte susceptibility testing 2019–2020 were examined. Species identification (ITS sequencing for <i>T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale</i> species complex (SC) isolates), EUCAST MICs and squalene epoxidase (SQLE) profiles were obtained. Sixty-three isolates from 59 patients were included. <i>T. rubrum</i> accounted for 81% and <i>T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale</i> SC for 19%. Approximately 60% of <i>T. rubrum</i> and <i>T. mentagrophytes/interdigitale</i> SC isolates were terbinafine non-wildtype and/or had known/novel SQLE mutations with possible implications for terbinafine MICs. All infections with terbinafine-resistant <i>T. mentagrophytes/interdigitale</i> SC isolates were caused by <i>Trichophyton indotineae</i>. Compared to 2013–2018, the number of patients with terbinafine-resistant <i>Trichophyton</i> isolates increased. For <i>T. rubrum</i>, this is partly explained by an increase in number of requests for susceptibility testing. Terbinafine-resistant <i>T. indotineae</i> was first detected in 2018, but accounted for 19% of resistance (4 of 21 patients) in 2020. In conclusion, terbinafine resistance is an emerging problem in Denmark. Population based studies are warranted and susceptibility testing is highly relevant in non-responding cases.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/2/150<i>Trichophyton rubrum</i><i>Trichophyton interdigitale</i><i>Trichophtyon mentagrophytes</i><i>Trichophyton indotineae</i>squalene epoxidaseSQLE |
| spellingShingle | Karen Marie Thyssen Astvad Rasmus Krøger Hare Karin Meinike Jørgensen Ditte Marie Lindhardt Saunte Philip Kjettinge Thomsen Maiken Cavling Arendrup Increasing Terbinafine Resistance in Danish <i>Trichophyton</i> Isolates 2019–2020 Journal of Fungi <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i> <i>Trichophyton interdigitale</i> <i>Trichophtyon mentagrophytes</i> <i>Trichophyton indotineae</i> squalene epoxidase SQLE |
| title | Increasing Terbinafine Resistance in Danish <i>Trichophyton</i> Isolates 2019–2020 |
| title_full | Increasing Terbinafine Resistance in Danish <i>Trichophyton</i> Isolates 2019–2020 |
| title_fullStr | Increasing Terbinafine Resistance in Danish <i>Trichophyton</i> Isolates 2019–2020 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increasing Terbinafine Resistance in Danish <i>Trichophyton</i> Isolates 2019–2020 |
| title_short | Increasing Terbinafine Resistance in Danish <i>Trichophyton</i> Isolates 2019–2020 |
| title_sort | increasing terbinafine resistance in danish i trichophyton i isolates 2019 2020 |
| topic | <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i> <i>Trichophyton interdigitale</i> <i>Trichophtyon mentagrophytes</i> <i>Trichophyton indotineae</i> squalene epoxidase SQLE |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/2/150 |
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