SARS-CoV-2 infection of the nervous system: A review of the literature on neurological involvement in novel coronavirus disease-(COVID-19)
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is believed to have emerged from an animal source and has been spreading rapidly among humans. Recent evidence shows that SARS-CoV-2 exhibits neurotropic properties and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules & Biomedicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/4860 |
| _version_ | 1797260933601427456 |
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| author | Alvin Oliver Payus Constance Liew Sat Lin Malehah Mohd Noh Mohammad Saffree Jeffree Raymond Azman Ali |
| author_facet | Alvin Oliver Payus Constance Liew Sat Lin Malehah Mohd Noh Mohammad Saffree Jeffree Raymond Azman Ali |
| author_sort | Alvin Oliver Payus |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is believed to have emerged from an animal source and has been spreading rapidly among humans. Recent evidence shows that SARS-CoV-2 exhibits neurotropic properties and causes neurological diseases. Here, we review the literature on neurological involvement in SARS-CoV-2 infections and the possible mechanisms of invasion of the nervous system by this virus, to provide a summary and critical analysis of the early reporting of neurological involvement in COVID-19. An exhaustive search of scientific articles on neurological involvement in COVID-19 was performed in the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline/PubMed, and several other databases. Nineteen relevant articles that had been published or were in preprint were carefully selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on our research, we found that patients with COVID-19 can present with neurological symptoms that can be broadly divided into central nervous system involvement, such as headache, dizziness, altered mental state, and disorientation, and peripheral nervous system involvement, such as anosmia and hypogeusia. Most of these patients are in the older age group and exhibit comorbidities, especially hypertension, and severe infection. In extreme presentations of COVID-19, some patients exhibit seizures, stroke, flaccid paraparesis, corticospinal weakness, and even coma. Moreover, the neurological manifestations can occur independently of the respiratory system. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause multiple neurological syndromes in a more complex presentation. Therefore, this review elucidated the involvement of the nervous system in SARS-CoV-2 infection and will hopefully help improve the management of COVID-19.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:33:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2bb700c1f76f4007b7b698aef4b44a95 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2831-0896 2831-090X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:33:12Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules & Biomedicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-2bb700c1f76f4007b7b698aef4b44a952024-03-15T14:29:54ZengAssociation of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and HerzegovinaBiomolecules & Biomedicine2831-08962831-090X2020-08-0120310.17305/bjbms.2020.4860SARS-CoV-2 infection of the nervous system: A review of the literature on neurological involvement in novel coronavirus disease-(COVID-19)Alvin Oliver Payus0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4675-103XConstance Liew Sat Lin1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-6598Malehah Mohd Noh2Mohammad Saffree Jeffree3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-4451Raymond Azman Ali4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6066-5168Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MalaysiaFaculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MalaysiaFaculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MalaysiaFaculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MalaysiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is believed to have emerged from an animal source and has been spreading rapidly among humans. Recent evidence shows that SARS-CoV-2 exhibits neurotropic properties and causes neurological diseases. Here, we review the literature on neurological involvement in SARS-CoV-2 infections and the possible mechanisms of invasion of the nervous system by this virus, to provide a summary and critical analysis of the early reporting of neurological involvement in COVID-19. An exhaustive search of scientific articles on neurological involvement in COVID-19 was performed in the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline/PubMed, and several other databases. Nineteen relevant articles that had been published or were in preprint were carefully selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on our research, we found that patients with COVID-19 can present with neurological symptoms that can be broadly divided into central nervous system involvement, such as headache, dizziness, altered mental state, and disorientation, and peripheral nervous system involvement, such as anosmia and hypogeusia. Most of these patients are in the older age group and exhibit comorbidities, especially hypertension, and severe infection. In extreme presentations of COVID-19, some patients exhibit seizures, stroke, flaccid paraparesis, corticospinal weakness, and even coma. Moreover, the neurological manifestations can occur independently of the respiratory system. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause multiple neurological syndromes in a more complex presentation. Therefore, this review elucidated the involvement of the nervous system in SARS-CoV-2 infection and will hopefully help improve the management of COVID-19. https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/4860Coronavirus disease 2019COVID-19coronavirussevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2SARS-CoV-2pandemic |
| spellingShingle | Alvin Oliver Payus Constance Liew Sat Lin Malehah Mohd Noh Mohammad Saffree Jeffree Raymond Azman Ali SARS-CoV-2 infection of the nervous system: A review of the literature on neurological involvement in novel coronavirus disease-(COVID-19) Biomolecules & Biomedicine Coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SARS-CoV-2 pandemic |
| title | SARS-CoV-2 infection of the nervous system: A review of the literature on neurological involvement in novel coronavirus disease-(COVID-19) |
| title_full | SARS-CoV-2 infection of the nervous system: A review of the literature on neurological involvement in novel coronavirus disease-(COVID-19) |
| title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 infection of the nervous system: A review of the literature on neurological involvement in novel coronavirus disease-(COVID-19) |
| title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 infection of the nervous system: A review of the literature on neurological involvement in novel coronavirus disease-(COVID-19) |
| title_short | SARS-CoV-2 infection of the nervous system: A review of the literature on neurological involvement in novel coronavirus disease-(COVID-19) |
| title_sort | sars cov 2 infection of the nervous system a review of the literature on neurological involvement in novel coronavirus disease covid 19 |
| topic | Coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SARS-CoV-2 pandemic |
| url | https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/4860 |
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