Association between long-term air pollution exposure and development of diabetes among community-dwelling adults: Modification of the associations by dietary nutrients
Background: Studies on the modifying effects of dietary factors on the association between air pollution and diabetes-related outcomes are limited. We examined whether dietary nutrients could modify the association between long-term air pollution exposure and the development of diabetes. Methods: We...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412023001812 |
| _version_ | 1797839994457423872 |
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| author | Moon-Kyung Shin Kyoung-Nam Kim |
| author_facet | Moon-Kyung Shin Kyoung-Nam Kim |
| author_sort | Moon-Kyung Shin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Studies on the modifying effects of dietary factors on the association between air pollution and diabetes-related outcomes are limited. We examined whether dietary nutrients could modify the association between long-term air pollution exposure and the development of diabetes. Methods: We used data from the Cardiovascular Disease Association Study, which enrolled adults aged 40–69 years in Korea between 2005 and 2011 and followed them up until 2016 (n = 14,667). Annual concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at each participant’s residence(s) were estimated using community multiscale air quality models. Intake of 22 dietary nutrients was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire during the baseline survey. We examined the product terms between air pollution levels (continuous) and each dietary nutrient (quartile) using Cox regression models, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: PM2.5 [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.49, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.11, 2.00] and NO2 (HR = 1.29, 95 % CI: 1.12, 1.49) concentrations were found to be associated with incident diabetes. NO2 levels interacted with dietary intake of retinol, vitamin A, and cholesterol (p-values for interaction < 0.05). Stronger associations were observed between NO2 levels and the occurrence of diabetes among individuals with a lower intake of these nutrients compared to those with a higher intake. No interaction was found between PM2.5 and the 22 investigated dietary nutrients. Conclusions: Adequate intake of dietary nutrients, such as retinol, vitamin A, and cholesterol, from various food items in a balanced diet may prevent the occurrence of diabetes in a setting wherein reduction of air pollution levels cannot be achieved in a short time frame. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T16:07:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2bc5f9cd20a64aa9a88433a66e52ca10 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T16:07:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-2bc5f9cd20a64aa9a88433a66e52ca102023-04-25T04:07:44ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202023-04-01174107908Association between long-term air pollution exposure and development of diabetes among community-dwelling adults: Modification of the associations by dietary nutrientsMoon-Kyung Shin0Kyoung-Nam Kim1Department of Preventive, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Preventive, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author at: Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.Background: Studies on the modifying effects of dietary factors on the association between air pollution and diabetes-related outcomes are limited. We examined whether dietary nutrients could modify the association between long-term air pollution exposure and the development of diabetes. Methods: We used data from the Cardiovascular Disease Association Study, which enrolled adults aged 40–69 years in Korea between 2005 and 2011 and followed them up until 2016 (n = 14,667). Annual concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at each participant’s residence(s) were estimated using community multiscale air quality models. Intake of 22 dietary nutrients was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire during the baseline survey. We examined the product terms between air pollution levels (continuous) and each dietary nutrient (quartile) using Cox regression models, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: PM2.5 [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.49, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.11, 2.00] and NO2 (HR = 1.29, 95 % CI: 1.12, 1.49) concentrations were found to be associated with incident diabetes. NO2 levels interacted with dietary intake of retinol, vitamin A, and cholesterol (p-values for interaction < 0.05). Stronger associations were observed between NO2 levels and the occurrence of diabetes among individuals with a lower intake of these nutrients compared to those with a higher intake. No interaction was found between PM2.5 and the 22 investigated dietary nutrients. Conclusions: Adequate intake of dietary nutrients, such as retinol, vitamin A, and cholesterol, from various food items in a balanced diet may prevent the occurrence of diabetes in a setting wherein reduction of air pollution levels cannot be achieved in a short time frame.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412023001812Air pollutionCohort analysesDiabetes mellitusNutrients |
| spellingShingle | Moon-Kyung Shin Kyoung-Nam Kim Association between long-term air pollution exposure and development of diabetes among community-dwelling adults: Modification of the associations by dietary nutrients Environment International Air pollution Cohort analyses Diabetes mellitus Nutrients |
| title | Association between long-term air pollution exposure and development of diabetes among community-dwelling adults: Modification of the associations by dietary nutrients |
| title_full | Association between long-term air pollution exposure and development of diabetes among community-dwelling adults: Modification of the associations by dietary nutrients |
| title_fullStr | Association between long-term air pollution exposure and development of diabetes among community-dwelling adults: Modification of the associations by dietary nutrients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between long-term air pollution exposure and development of diabetes among community-dwelling adults: Modification of the associations by dietary nutrients |
| title_short | Association between long-term air pollution exposure and development of diabetes among community-dwelling adults: Modification of the associations by dietary nutrients |
| title_sort | association between long term air pollution exposure and development of diabetes among community dwelling adults modification of the associations by dietary nutrients |
| topic | Air pollution Cohort analyses Diabetes mellitus Nutrients |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412023001812 |
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