Not brushing teeth at night may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease
Abstract In this study, we investigated whether toothbrushing timing affects cardiovascular disease risk. We enrolled 1675 patients aged ≥ 20 years who were hospitalized for surgery, examination, or medical treatment. The participants were categorized as follows based on toothbrushing: Group MN (bru...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-37738-1 |
| _version_ | 1797789758057873408 |
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| author | Emiko Tanaka Isomura Shinichiro Suna Hiroyuki Kurakami Shungo Hikoso Toshihiro Uchihashi Yusuke Yokota Yasushi Sakata Susumu Tanaka |
| author_facet | Emiko Tanaka Isomura Shinichiro Suna Hiroyuki Kurakami Shungo Hikoso Toshihiro Uchihashi Yusuke Yokota Yasushi Sakata Susumu Tanaka |
| author_sort | Emiko Tanaka Isomura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In this study, we investigated whether toothbrushing timing affects cardiovascular disease risk. We enrolled 1675 patients aged ≥ 20 years who were hospitalized for surgery, examination, or medical treatment. The participants were categorized as follows based on toothbrushing: Group MN (brushing teeth after waking up and at night, n = 409), Group Night (brushing teeth at night but not upon waking up, n = 751), Group M (brushing teeth after waking up but not at night, n = 164), and Group None (not brushing teeth at all, n = 259). The participants’ age, sex, smoking history, and follow-up results were evaluated. Group M had four times as many men as women. Multivariate analysis of cardiovascular events showed significantly higher survival estimates in Group MN (P = 0.021) and Group Night (P = 0.004) than in Group None. Kaplan–Meier analysis of subgroups based on smoking status revealed that smokers in Group None had significantly worse prognosis for cardiovascular onset events than smokers in other groups; non-smokers in Groups None and M showed significantly worse prognosis on hospitalization. Our findings are limited to cardiovascular diseases and cannot be generalized to healthy populations. However, we suggest that brushing teeth at night is important for lowering cardiovascular disease risk. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:55:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2bd846e3e44e4e9d8424d35397d2fed1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:55:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-2bd846e3e44e4e9d8424d35397d2fed12023-07-02T11:14:37ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-06-011311810.1038/s41598-023-37738-1Not brushing teeth at night may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseaseEmiko Tanaka Isomura0Shinichiro Suna1Hiroyuki Kurakami2Shungo Hikoso3Toshihiro Uchihashi4Yusuke Yokota5Yasushi Sakata6Susumu Tanaka7Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka UniversityDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka UniversityDepartment of Medical Innovation, Osaka University HospitalDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka UniversityDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka UniversityDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka UniversityDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka UniversityDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka UniversityAbstract In this study, we investigated whether toothbrushing timing affects cardiovascular disease risk. We enrolled 1675 patients aged ≥ 20 years who were hospitalized for surgery, examination, or medical treatment. The participants were categorized as follows based on toothbrushing: Group MN (brushing teeth after waking up and at night, n = 409), Group Night (brushing teeth at night but not upon waking up, n = 751), Group M (brushing teeth after waking up but not at night, n = 164), and Group None (not brushing teeth at all, n = 259). The participants’ age, sex, smoking history, and follow-up results were evaluated. Group M had four times as many men as women. Multivariate analysis of cardiovascular events showed significantly higher survival estimates in Group MN (P = 0.021) and Group Night (P = 0.004) than in Group None. Kaplan–Meier analysis of subgroups based on smoking status revealed that smokers in Group None had significantly worse prognosis for cardiovascular onset events than smokers in other groups; non-smokers in Groups None and M showed significantly worse prognosis on hospitalization. Our findings are limited to cardiovascular diseases and cannot be generalized to healthy populations. However, we suggest that brushing teeth at night is important for lowering cardiovascular disease risk.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-37738-1 |
| spellingShingle | Emiko Tanaka Isomura Shinichiro Suna Hiroyuki Kurakami Shungo Hikoso Toshihiro Uchihashi Yusuke Yokota Yasushi Sakata Susumu Tanaka Not brushing teeth at night may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease Scientific Reports |
| title | Not brushing teeth at night may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease |
| title_full | Not brushing teeth at night may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease |
| title_fullStr | Not brushing teeth at night may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Not brushing teeth at night may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease |
| title_short | Not brushing teeth at night may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease |
| title_sort | not brushing teeth at night may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-37738-1 |
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