Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses
<p>Abstract</p> <p>In a case-control study among 2064 South African women to investigate the risk of clinically invasive cancer of the cervix, we found a marked reduction in the risk of cervical cancer among women who gave a history of ever having undergone even a single Pap smear,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2007-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/4/1/8 |
| _version_ | 1818524512278282240 |
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| author | Shapiro Samual Williamson Anna-Lise Morroni Chelsea Passmore Jo-Ann S Hoffman Margaret |
| author_facet | Shapiro Samual Williamson Anna-Lise Morroni Chelsea Passmore Jo-Ann S Hoffman Margaret |
| author_sort | Shapiro Samual |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>In a case-control study among 2064 South African women to investigate the risk of clinically invasive cancer of the cervix, we found a marked reduction in the risk of cervical cancer among women who gave a history of ever having undergone even a single Pap smear, and a statistically significant decline in the HPV positivity rate correlated with the lifetime number of Pap smears received. HPV infections and their associated low-grade lesions commonly regress, indicating that most often there is an effective host immune response against HPV infection. We hypothesized that act of performing a Pap smear is associated with inflammatory responses at the site of trauma, the cervix, and that this inflammatory signalling may be an immunological factor initiating these productive anti-HPV responses. In the present study, a randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 80 healthy young women to investigate the impact of performing a Pap smear on cervical inflammation. Forty one women, in the intervention group, received a Pap smear at enrollment and cervicovaginal lavages (CVLs) were collected at baseline and 2 weeks later. Thirty nine women received no intervention at enrollment (control group) but CVLs were collected at enrolment and 2 weeks later. We assessed various markers of inflammation including IL-12 p70, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1β in CVL specimens. While CVL levels of IL-8, IL-1β and IL-6 remained unchanged following a Pap smear, markers of cell mediated immunity (IL-12 p70 and TNF-α) and T cell regulation (IL-10) were significantly elevated.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:58:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2bdcaf841d094c45abfd2deebf599e81 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-9255 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:58:02Z |
| publishDate | 2007-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Inflammation |
| spelling | doaj.art-2bdcaf841d094c45abfd2deebf599e812022-12-22T01:18:35ZengBMCJournal of Inflammation1476-92552007-04-0141810.1186/1476-9255-4-8Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responsesShapiro SamualWilliamson Anna-LiseMorroni ChelseaPassmore Jo-Ann SHoffman Margaret<p>Abstract</p> <p>In a case-control study among 2064 South African women to investigate the risk of clinically invasive cancer of the cervix, we found a marked reduction in the risk of cervical cancer among women who gave a history of ever having undergone even a single Pap smear, and a statistically significant decline in the HPV positivity rate correlated with the lifetime number of Pap smears received. HPV infections and their associated low-grade lesions commonly regress, indicating that most often there is an effective host immune response against HPV infection. We hypothesized that act of performing a Pap smear is associated with inflammatory responses at the site of trauma, the cervix, and that this inflammatory signalling may be an immunological factor initiating these productive anti-HPV responses. In the present study, a randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 80 healthy young women to investigate the impact of performing a Pap smear on cervical inflammation. Forty one women, in the intervention group, received a Pap smear at enrollment and cervicovaginal lavages (CVLs) were collected at baseline and 2 weeks later. Thirty nine women received no intervention at enrollment (control group) but CVLs were collected at enrolment and 2 weeks later. We assessed various markers of inflammation including IL-12 p70, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1β in CVL specimens. While CVL levels of IL-8, IL-1β and IL-6 remained unchanged following a Pap smear, markers of cell mediated immunity (IL-12 p70 and TNF-α) and T cell regulation (IL-10) were significantly elevated.</p>http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/4/1/8 |
| spellingShingle | Shapiro Samual Williamson Anna-Lise Morroni Chelsea Passmore Jo-Ann S Hoffman Margaret Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses Journal of Inflammation |
| title | Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses |
| title_full | Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses |
| title_fullStr | Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses |
| title_short | Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses |
| title_sort | papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses |
| url | http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/4/1/8 |
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