A Stretchable, Transparent, and Mechanically Robust Silver Nanowire–Polydimethylsiloxane Electrode for Electrochromic Devices
The application of flexible indium tin oxide (ITO-free) electrochromic devices has steadily attracted widespread attention in wearable devices. Recently, silver nanowire/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (AgNW/PDMS)-based stretchable conductive films have raised great interest as ITO-free substrate for flexibl...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Polymers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2640 |
| _version_ | 1797592900839669760 |
|---|---|
| author | Tingting Hao Leipeng Zhang Haoyu Ji Qiyu Zhou Ting Feng Shanshan Song Bo Wang Dongqi Liu Zichen Ren Wenchao Liu Yike Zhang Jiawu Sun Yao Li |
| author_facet | Tingting Hao Leipeng Zhang Haoyu Ji Qiyu Zhou Ting Feng Shanshan Song Bo Wang Dongqi Liu Zichen Ren Wenchao Liu Yike Zhang Jiawu Sun Yao Li |
| author_sort | Tingting Hao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The application of flexible indium tin oxide (ITO-free) electrochromic devices has steadily attracted widespread attention in wearable devices. Recently, silver nanowire/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (AgNW/PDMS)-based stretchable conductive films have raised great interest as ITO-free substrate for flexible electrochromic devices. However, it is still difficult to achieve high transparency with low resistance due to the weak binding force between AgNW and PDMS with low surface energy because of the possibility of detaching and sliding occurring at the interface. Herein, we propose a method to pattern the pre-cured PDMS (PT-PDMS) by stainless steel film as a template through constructed micron grooves and embedded structure, to prepare a stretchable AgNW/PT-PDMS electrode with high transparency and high conductivity. The stretchable AgNW/PT-PDMS electrode can be stretched (5000 cycles), twisted, and surface friction (3M tape for 500 cycles) without significant loss of conductivity (ΔR/R ≈ 16% and 27%). In addition, with the increase of stretch (stretching to 10–80%), the AgNW/PT-PDMS electrode transmittance increased, and the conductivity increased at first and then decreased. It is possible that the AgNWs in the micron grooves are spread during PDMS stretching, resulting in a larger spreading area and higher transmittance of the AgNWs film; at the same time, the nanowires between the grooves come into contact, thus increasing conductivity. An electrochromic electrode constructed with the stretchable AgNW/PT-PDMS exhibited excellent electrochromic behavior (transmittance contrast from ~61% to ~57%) even after 10,000 bending cycles or 500 stretching cycles, indicating high stability and mechanical robustness. Notably, this method of preparing transparent stretch electrodes based on patterned PDMS provides a promising solution for developing electronic devices with unique structures and high performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:00:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2be14b257902429ca6654518550556ac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:00:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-2be14b257902429ca6654518550556ac2023-11-18T12:12:35ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-06-011512264010.3390/polym15122640A Stretchable, Transparent, and Mechanically Robust Silver Nanowire–Polydimethylsiloxane Electrode for Electrochromic DevicesTingting Hao0Leipeng Zhang1Haoyu Ji2Qiyu Zhou3Ting Feng4Shanshan Song5Bo Wang6Dongqi Liu7Zichen Ren8Wenchao Liu9Yike Zhang10Jiawu Sun11Yao Li12School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaThe application of flexible indium tin oxide (ITO-free) electrochromic devices has steadily attracted widespread attention in wearable devices. Recently, silver nanowire/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (AgNW/PDMS)-based stretchable conductive films have raised great interest as ITO-free substrate for flexible electrochromic devices. However, it is still difficult to achieve high transparency with low resistance due to the weak binding force between AgNW and PDMS with low surface energy because of the possibility of detaching and sliding occurring at the interface. Herein, we propose a method to pattern the pre-cured PDMS (PT-PDMS) by stainless steel film as a template through constructed micron grooves and embedded structure, to prepare a stretchable AgNW/PT-PDMS electrode with high transparency and high conductivity. The stretchable AgNW/PT-PDMS electrode can be stretched (5000 cycles), twisted, and surface friction (3M tape for 500 cycles) without significant loss of conductivity (ΔR/R ≈ 16% and 27%). In addition, with the increase of stretch (stretching to 10–80%), the AgNW/PT-PDMS electrode transmittance increased, and the conductivity increased at first and then decreased. It is possible that the AgNWs in the micron grooves are spread during PDMS stretching, resulting in a larger spreading area and higher transmittance of the AgNWs film; at the same time, the nanowires between the grooves come into contact, thus increasing conductivity. An electrochromic electrode constructed with the stretchable AgNW/PT-PDMS exhibited excellent electrochromic behavior (transmittance contrast from ~61% to ~57%) even after 10,000 bending cycles or 500 stretching cycles, indicating high stability and mechanical robustness. Notably, this method of preparing transparent stretch electrodes based on patterned PDMS provides a promising solution for developing electronic devices with unique structures and high performance.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2640silver nanowireelectrochromic devicespolydimethylsiloxaneflexible smart windowsTungsten trioxide |
| spellingShingle | Tingting Hao Leipeng Zhang Haoyu Ji Qiyu Zhou Ting Feng Shanshan Song Bo Wang Dongqi Liu Zichen Ren Wenchao Liu Yike Zhang Jiawu Sun Yao Li A Stretchable, Transparent, and Mechanically Robust Silver Nanowire–Polydimethylsiloxane Electrode for Electrochromic Devices Polymers silver nanowire electrochromic devices polydimethylsiloxane flexible smart windows Tungsten trioxide |
| title | A Stretchable, Transparent, and Mechanically Robust Silver Nanowire–Polydimethylsiloxane Electrode for Electrochromic Devices |
| title_full | A Stretchable, Transparent, and Mechanically Robust Silver Nanowire–Polydimethylsiloxane Electrode for Electrochromic Devices |
| title_fullStr | A Stretchable, Transparent, and Mechanically Robust Silver Nanowire–Polydimethylsiloxane Electrode for Electrochromic Devices |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Stretchable, Transparent, and Mechanically Robust Silver Nanowire–Polydimethylsiloxane Electrode for Electrochromic Devices |
| title_short | A Stretchable, Transparent, and Mechanically Robust Silver Nanowire–Polydimethylsiloxane Electrode for Electrochromic Devices |
| title_sort | stretchable transparent and mechanically robust silver nanowire polydimethylsiloxane electrode for electrochromic devices |
| topic | silver nanowire electrochromic devices polydimethylsiloxane flexible smart windows Tungsten trioxide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2640 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tingtinghao astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT leipengzhang astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT haoyuji astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT qiyuzhou astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT tingfeng astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT shanshansong astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT bowang astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT dongqiliu astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT zichenren astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT wenchaoliu astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT yikezhang astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT jiawusun astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT yaoli astretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT tingtinghao stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT leipengzhang stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT haoyuji stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT qiyuzhou stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT tingfeng stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT shanshansong stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT bowang stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT dongqiliu stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT zichenren stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT wenchaoliu stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT yikezhang stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT jiawusun stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices AT yaoli stretchabletransparentandmechanicallyrobustsilvernanowirepolydimethylsiloxaneelectrodeforelectrochromicdevices |