SARS-CoV-2 and Skin: New Insights and Perspectives
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has disrupted global health systems and brought the entire globe to its knees. Although born as a disease of the respiratory system, COVID-19 can affect different parts of the body, including the skin. Reports of ongoing skin manifestations of COVID-19 have gradually multipli...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/9/1212 |
| _version_ | 1797490722391195648 |
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| author | Gerardo Cazzato Eliano Cascardi Anna Colagrande Caterina Foti Alessandra Stellacci Maricla Marrone Giuseppe Ingravallo Francesca Arezzo Vera Loizzi Antonio Giovanni Solimando Paola Parente Eugenio Maiorano Gennaro Cormio Angelo Vacca Leonardo Resta |
| author_facet | Gerardo Cazzato Eliano Cascardi Anna Colagrande Caterina Foti Alessandra Stellacci Maricla Marrone Giuseppe Ingravallo Francesca Arezzo Vera Loizzi Antonio Giovanni Solimando Paola Parente Eugenio Maiorano Gennaro Cormio Angelo Vacca Leonardo Resta |
| author_sort | Gerardo Cazzato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has disrupted global health systems and brought the entire globe to its knees. Although born as a disease of the respiratory system, COVID-19 can affect different parts of the body, including the skin. Reports of ongoing skin manifestations of COVID-19 have gradually multiplied, pushing researchers to investigate the etiopathogenic mechanisms underlying these phenomena in more depth. In an attempt to investigate the possible association between SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, TMPRSS2 and skin manifestations, we performed immunohistochemical investigations of the ACE2 receptor and TMPRSS2 in nine skin samples from SARS-CoV-2-positive patients compared to a cohort of healthy controls. Furthermore, after consulting public databases regarding ACE2 mRNA expression in various cell populations resident in the skin, we conducted a literature review aimed at outlining the current state of this topic. We did not find statistically different immuno-expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 between the group of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients (nine skin biopsies) and the control group. Regarding ACE2, major immunolabeling was present in the epidermal keratinocytes and, rarely, in the fibroblasts and in the adenomeres of the eccrine sweat glands. Regarding the immune expression of TMPRSS2, we found no significant differences between the two groups, with a weak immune staining only in some skin cytotypes. From the review of the literature, we isolated 35 relevant articles according to the inclusion criteria adopted. ACE2 appears to be a target of SARS-CoV-2, although, other receptor molecules may potentially be implicated, such as TMPRSS2. Future studies with large cases and different molecular investigative methods are needed to further elucidate the mechanisms underlying the skin manifestations of SARS-CoV-2. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:37:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2be574ffe5cf43d3b7bac09a786aa9ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:37:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-2be574ffe5cf43d3b7bac09a786aa9ab2023-11-23T15:14:46ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-08-01129121210.3390/biom12091212SARS-CoV-2 and Skin: New Insights and PerspectivesGerardo Cazzato0Eliano Cascardi1Anna Colagrande2Caterina Foti3Alessandra Stellacci4Maricla Marrone5Giuseppe Ingravallo6Francesca Arezzo7Vera Loizzi8Antonio Giovanni Solimando9Paola Parente10Eugenio Maiorano11Gennaro Cormio12Angelo Vacca13Leonardo Resta14Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, ItalySection of Molecular Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalySection of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalySection of Legal Medicine, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Bari Policlinico Hospital, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalySection of Legal Medicine, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Bari Policlinico Hospital, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalySection of Molecular Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalySection of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalySection of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalySection of Internal Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyPathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71100 San Giovanni Rotondo, ItalySection of Molecular Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyOncology Unit IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II and Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalySection of Internal Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalySection of Molecular Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has disrupted global health systems and brought the entire globe to its knees. Although born as a disease of the respiratory system, COVID-19 can affect different parts of the body, including the skin. Reports of ongoing skin manifestations of COVID-19 have gradually multiplied, pushing researchers to investigate the etiopathogenic mechanisms underlying these phenomena in more depth. In an attempt to investigate the possible association between SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, TMPRSS2 and skin manifestations, we performed immunohistochemical investigations of the ACE2 receptor and TMPRSS2 in nine skin samples from SARS-CoV-2-positive patients compared to a cohort of healthy controls. Furthermore, after consulting public databases regarding ACE2 mRNA expression in various cell populations resident in the skin, we conducted a literature review aimed at outlining the current state of this topic. We did not find statistically different immuno-expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 between the group of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients (nine skin biopsies) and the control group. Regarding ACE2, major immunolabeling was present in the epidermal keratinocytes and, rarely, in the fibroblasts and in the adenomeres of the eccrine sweat glands. Regarding the immune expression of TMPRSS2, we found no significant differences between the two groups, with a weak immune staining only in some skin cytotypes. From the review of the literature, we isolated 35 relevant articles according to the inclusion criteria adopted. ACE2 appears to be a target of SARS-CoV-2, although, other receptor molecules may potentially be implicated, such as TMPRSS2. Future studies with large cases and different molecular investigative methods are needed to further elucidate the mechanisms underlying the skin manifestations of SARS-CoV-2.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/9/1212SARS-CoV-2skindermatopathologymanifestationACE2TMPRSS2 |
| spellingShingle | Gerardo Cazzato Eliano Cascardi Anna Colagrande Caterina Foti Alessandra Stellacci Maricla Marrone Giuseppe Ingravallo Francesca Arezzo Vera Loizzi Antonio Giovanni Solimando Paola Parente Eugenio Maiorano Gennaro Cormio Angelo Vacca Leonardo Resta SARS-CoV-2 and Skin: New Insights and Perspectives Biomolecules SARS-CoV-2 skin dermatopathology manifestation ACE2 TMPRSS2 |
| title | SARS-CoV-2 and Skin: New Insights and Perspectives |
| title_full | SARS-CoV-2 and Skin: New Insights and Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 and Skin: New Insights and Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 and Skin: New Insights and Perspectives |
| title_short | SARS-CoV-2 and Skin: New Insights and Perspectives |
| title_sort | sars cov 2 and skin new insights and perspectives |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 skin dermatopathology manifestation ACE2 TMPRSS2 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/9/1212 |
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