Variability in cell response of Cronobacter sakazakii after mild-heat treatments and its impact on food safety
Cronobacter spp. have been responsible for severe infections in infants associated with consumption of powdered infant formula (PIF) and follow-up formulae (FUF). Despite several risk assessments described in published studies, few approaches have considered the tremendous variability in cell respo...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00535/full |
| _version_ | 1811191735552835584 |
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| author | Julio eParra-Flores Vijay eJuneja Gonzalo eGarcía De Fernando Juan eAguirre Juan eAguirre |
| author_facet | Julio eParra-Flores Vijay eJuneja Gonzalo eGarcía De Fernando Juan eAguirre Juan eAguirre |
| author_sort | Julio eParra-Flores |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cronobacter spp. have been responsible for severe infections in infants associated with consumption of powdered infant formula (PIF) and follow-up formulae (FUF). Despite several risk assessments described in published studies, few approaches have considered the tremendous variability in cell response that small micropopulations or single cells can have in infant formula during storage, preparation or post process/preparation before the feeding of infants. Stochastic approaches can better describe microbial single cell response than deterministic models as we prove in this study. A large variability of lag phase was observed in single cell and micropopulations of ≤50 cells. This variability increased as the heat shock increased and growth temperature decreased. Obviously, variability of growth of individual Cronobacter sakazakii cell is affected by inoculum size, growth temperature and the probability of cells able to grow at the conditions imposed by the experimental conditions should be taken into account, especially when errors in bottle-preparation practices, such as improper holding temperatures or manipulation, may lead to growth of the pathogen to a critical cell level. The mean probability of illness from initial inoculum size of 1 cell were below 0.2 in all the cases and for inoculum size of 50 cells the mean probability of illness were, in most of the cases, was above 0.7. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:40:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2bf081b6eede4a13930b5dec59fc2895 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:40:59Z |
| publishDate | 2016-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-2bf081b6eede4a13930b5dec59fc28952022-12-22T03:56:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2016-04-01710.3389/fmicb.2016.00535188015Variability in cell response of Cronobacter sakazakii after mild-heat treatments and its impact on food safetyJulio eParra-Flores0Vijay eJuneja1Gonzalo eGarcía De Fernando2Juan eAguirre3Juan eAguirre4Universidad del Bío-BíoUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA)Universidad ComplutenseUniversidad de ChileUniversidad ComplutenseCronobacter spp. have been responsible for severe infections in infants associated with consumption of powdered infant formula (PIF) and follow-up formulae (FUF). Despite several risk assessments described in published studies, few approaches have considered the tremendous variability in cell response that small micropopulations or single cells can have in infant formula during storage, preparation or post process/preparation before the feeding of infants. Stochastic approaches can better describe microbial single cell response than deterministic models as we prove in this study. A large variability of lag phase was observed in single cell and micropopulations of ≤50 cells. This variability increased as the heat shock increased and growth temperature decreased. Obviously, variability of growth of individual Cronobacter sakazakii cell is affected by inoculum size, growth temperature and the probability of cells able to grow at the conditions imposed by the experimental conditions should be taken into account, especially when errors in bottle-preparation practices, such as improper holding temperatures or manipulation, may lead to growth of the pathogen to a critical cell level. The mean probability of illness from initial inoculum size of 1 cell were below 0.2 in all the cases and for inoculum size of 50 cells the mean probability of illness were, in most of the cases, was above 0.7.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00535/fullCronobacter sakazakiiFood SafetyRisk AssessmentvariabilityHeat treatmentPIF/FUF |
| spellingShingle | Julio eParra-Flores Vijay eJuneja Gonzalo eGarcía De Fernando Juan eAguirre Juan eAguirre Variability in cell response of Cronobacter sakazakii after mild-heat treatments and its impact on food safety Frontiers in Microbiology Cronobacter sakazakii Food Safety Risk Assessment variability Heat treatment PIF/FUF |
| title | Variability in cell response of Cronobacter sakazakii after mild-heat treatments and its impact on food safety |
| title_full | Variability in cell response of Cronobacter sakazakii after mild-heat treatments and its impact on food safety |
| title_fullStr | Variability in cell response of Cronobacter sakazakii after mild-heat treatments and its impact on food safety |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variability in cell response of Cronobacter sakazakii after mild-heat treatments and its impact on food safety |
| title_short | Variability in cell response of Cronobacter sakazakii after mild-heat treatments and its impact on food safety |
| title_sort | variability in cell response of cronobacter sakazakii after mild heat treatments and its impact on food safety |
| topic | Cronobacter sakazakii Food Safety Risk Assessment variability Heat treatment PIF/FUF |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00535/full |
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