Marine Heatwave and Terrestrial Drought Reduced CO<sub>2</sub> Uptake in the East China Sea in 2022
Against the background of climate warming, marine heatwaves (MHWs) and terrestrial drought events have become increasingly frequent in recent decades. However, the combined effects of MHWs and terrestrial drought on CO<sub>2</sub> uptake in marginal seas are still unclear. The East China...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-02-01
|
| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/5/849 |
| _version_ | 1797263931233796096 |
|---|---|
| author | Shujie Yu Zhixuan Wang Zhiting Jiang Teng Li Xiaosong Ding Xiaodao Wei Dong Liu |
| author_facet | Shujie Yu Zhixuan Wang Zhiting Jiang Teng Li Xiaosong Ding Xiaodao Wei Dong Liu |
| author_sort | Shujie Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Against the background of climate warming, marine heatwaves (MHWs) and terrestrial drought events have become increasingly frequent in recent decades. However, the combined effects of MHWs and terrestrial drought on CO<sub>2</sub> uptake in marginal seas are still unclear. The East China Sea (ECS) experienced an intense and long-lasting MHW accompanied by an extreme terrestrial drought in the Changjiang basin in the summer of 2022. In this study, we employed multi-source satellite remote sensing products to reveal the patterns, magnitude, and potential drivers of CO<sub>2</sub> flux changes in the ECS resulting from the compounding MHW and terrestrial drought extremes. The CO<sub>2</sub> uptake of the ECS reduced by 17.0% (1.06 Tg C) in the latter half of 2022 and the Changjiang River plume region shifted from a CO<sub>2</sub> sink to a source (releasing 0.11 Tg C) in July-September. In the majority of the ECS, the positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly during the MHW diminished the solubility of CO<sub>2</sub> in seawater, thereby reducing CO<sub>2</sub> uptake. Moreover, the reduction in nutrient input associated with terrestrial drought, which is unfavorable to phytoplankton growth, further reduced the capacity of CO<sub>2</sub> uptake. Meanwhile, the CO<sub>2</sub> sink doubled for the offshore waters of the ECS continental shelf in July-September 2022, indicating the complexity and heterogeneity of the impacts of extreme climatic events in marginal seas. This study is of great significance in improving the estimation results of CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in marginal seas and understanding sea–air CO<sub>2</sub> exchanges against the background of global climate change. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:20:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c0d55583c1648ba8d90e755d3da428c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:20:51Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c0d55583c1648ba8d90e755d3da428c2024-03-12T16:54:13ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922024-02-0116584910.3390/rs16050849Marine Heatwave and Terrestrial Drought Reduced CO<sub>2</sub> Uptake in the East China Sea in 2022Shujie Yu0Zhixuan Wang1Zhiting Jiang2Teng Li3Xiaosong Ding4Xiaodao Wei5Dong Liu6Polar and Marine Research Institute, College of Harbor and Coastal Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, ChinaDonghai Laboratory, Zhoushan 316021, ChinaShanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, ChinaAgainst the background of climate warming, marine heatwaves (MHWs) and terrestrial drought events have become increasingly frequent in recent decades. However, the combined effects of MHWs and terrestrial drought on CO<sub>2</sub> uptake in marginal seas are still unclear. The East China Sea (ECS) experienced an intense and long-lasting MHW accompanied by an extreme terrestrial drought in the Changjiang basin in the summer of 2022. In this study, we employed multi-source satellite remote sensing products to reveal the patterns, magnitude, and potential drivers of CO<sub>2</sub> flux changes in the ECS resulting from the compounding MHW and terrestrial drought extremes. The CO<sub>2</sub> uptake of the ECS reduced by 17.0% (1.06 Tg C) in the latter half of 2022 and the Changjiang River plume region shifted from a CO<sub>2</sub> sink to a source (releasing 0.11 Tg C) in July-September. In the majority of the ECS, the positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly during the MHW diminished the solubility of CO<sub>2</sub> in seawater, thereby reducing CO<sub>2</sub> uptake. Moreover, the reduction in nutrient input associated with terrestrial drought, which is unfavorable to phytoplankton growth, further reduced the capacity of CO<sub>2</sub> uptake. Meanwhile, the CO<sub>2</sub> sink doubled for the offshore waters of the ECS continental shelf in July-September 2022, indicating the complexity and heterogeneity of the impacts of extreme climatic events in marginal seas. This study is of great significance in improving the estimation results of CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in marginal seas and understanding sea–air CO<sub>2</sub> exchanges against the background of global climate change.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/5/849CO<sub>2</sub> uptakesea–air CO<sub>2</sub> fluxmarine heatwavesterrestrial droughtEast China Sea |
| spellingShingle | Shujie Yu Zhixuan Wang Zhiting Jiang Teng Li Xiaosong Ding Xiaodao Wei Dong Liu Marine Heatwave and Terrestrial Drought Reduced CO<sub>2</sub> Uptake in the East China Sea in 2022 Remote Sensing CO<sub>2</sub> uptake sea–air CO<sub>2</sub> flux marine heatwaves terrestrial drought East China Sea |
| title | Marine Heatwave and Terrestrial Drought Reduced CO<sub>2</sub> Uptake in the East China Sea in 2022 |
| title_full | Marine Heatwave and Terrestrial Drought Reduced CO<sub>2</sub> Uptake in the East China Sea in 2022 |
| title_fullStr | Marine Heatwave and Terrestrial Drought Reduced CO<sub>2</sub> Uptake in the East China Sea in 2022 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Marine Heatwave and Terrestrial Drought Reduced CO<sub>2</sub> Uptake in the East China Sea in 2022 |
| title_short | Marine Heatwave and Terrestrial Drought Reduced CO<sub>2</sub> Uptake in the East China Sea in 2022 |
| title_sort | marine heatwave and terrestrial drought reduced co sub 2 sub uptake in the east china sea in 2022 |
| topic | CO<sub>2</sub> uptake sea–air CO<sub>2</sub> flux marine heatwaves terrestrial drought East China Sea |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/5/849 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shujieyu marineheatwaveandterrestrialdroughtreducedcosub2subuptakeintheeastchinaseain2022 AT zhixuanwang marineheatwaveandterrestrialdroughtreducedcosub2subuptakeintheeastchinaseain2022 AT zhitingjiang marineheatwaveandterrestrialdroughtreducedcosub2subuptakeintheeastchinaseain2022 AT tengli marineheatwaveandterrestrialdroughtreducedcosub2subuptakeintheeastchinaseain2022 AT xiaosongding marineheatwaveandterrestrialdroughtreducedcosub2subuptakeintheeastchinaseain2022 AT xiaodaowei marineheatwaveandterrestrialdroughtreducedcosub2subuptakeintheeastchinaseain2022 AT dongliu marineheatwaveandterrestrialdroughtreducedcosub2subuptakeintheeastchinaseain2022 |