Bioenergy Generation and Phenol Degradation through Microbial Fuel Cells Energized by Domestic Organic Waste
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) seem to have emerged in recent years to degrade the organic pollutants from wastewater. The current research also focused on phenol biodegradation using MFCs. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), phenol is a priority pollutant to remediate due to its...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/11/4349 |
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| author | Asim Ali Yaqoob Nabil Al-Zaqri Muhammad Alamzeb Fida Hussain Sang-Eun Oh Khalid Umar |
| author_facet | Asim Ali Yaqoob Nabil Al-Zaqri Muhammad Alamzeb Fida Hussain Sang-Eun Oh Khalid Umar |
| author_sort | Asim Ali Yaqoob |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) seem to have emerged in recent years to degrade the organic pollutants from wastewater. The current research also focused on phenol biodegradation using MFCs. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), phenol is a priority pollutant to remediate due to its potential adverse effects on human health. At the same time, the present study focused on the weakness of MFCs, which is the low generation of electrons due to the organic substrate. The present study used rotten rice as an organic substrate to empower the MFC’s functional capacity to degrade the phenol while simultaneously generating bioenergy. In 19 days of operation, the phenol degradation efficiency was 70% at a current density of 17.10 mA/m<sup>2</sup> and a voltage of 199 mV. The electrochemical analysis showed that the internal resistance was 312.58 Ω and the maximum specific capacitance value was 0.00020 F/g on day 30, which demonstrated mature biofilm production and its stability throughout the operation. The biofilm study and bacterial identification process revealed that the presence of conductive pili species (<i>Bacillus</i> genus) are the most dominant on the anode electrode. However, the present study also explained well the oxidation mechanism of rotten rice with phenol degradation. The most critical challenges for future recommendations are also enclosed in a separate section for the research community with concluding remarks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:01:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c1d9a5aa99e45848c42ba252b020925 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:01:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c1d9a5aa99e45848c42ba252b0209252023-11-18T08:15:24ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-05-012811434910.3390/molecules28114349Bioenergy Generation and Phenol Degradation through Microbial Fuel Cells Energized by Domestic Organic WasteAsim Ali Yaqoob0Nabil Al-Zaqri1Muhammad Alamzeb2Fida Hussain3Sang-Eun Oh4Khalid Umar5School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Kotli, Kotli 11100, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, PakistanResearch Institute for Advanced Industrial Technology, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Republic of KoreaSchool of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, MalaysiaMicrobial fuel cells (MFCs) seem to have emerged in recent years to degrade the organic pollutants from wastewater. The current research also focused on phenol biodegradation using MFCs. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), phenol is a priority pollutant to remediate due to its potential adverse effects on human health. At the same time, the present study focused on the weakness of MFCs, which is the low generation of electrons due to the organic substrate. The present study used rotten rice as an organic substrate to empower the MFC’s functional capacity to degrade the phenol while simultaneously generating bioenergy. In 19 days of operation, the phenol degradation efficiency was 70% at a current density of 17.10 mA/m<sup>2</sup> and a voltage of 199 mV. The electrochemical analysis showed that the internal resistance was 312.58 Ω and the maximum specific capacitance value was 0.00020 F/g on day 30, which demonstrated mature biofilm production and its stability throughout the operation. The biofilm study and bacterial identification process revealed that the presence of conductive pili species (<i>Bacillus</i> genus) are the most dominant on the anode electrode. However, the present study also explained well the oxidation mechanism of rotten rice with phenol degradation. The most critical challenges for future recommendations are also enclosed in a separate section for the research community with concluding remarks.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/11/4349microbial fuel cellsphenolenergy generationdomestic wasterotten ricewastewater |
| spellingShingle | Asim Ali Yaqoob Nabil Al-Zaqri Muhammad Alamzeb Fida Hussain Sang-Eun Oh Khalid Umar Bioenergy Generation and Phenol Degradation through Microbial Fuel Cells Energized by Domestic Organic Waste Molecules microbial fuel cells phenol energy generation domestic waste rotten rice wastewater |
| title | Bioenergy Generation and Phenol Degradation through Microbial Fuel Cells Energized by Domestic Organic Waste |
| title_full | Bioenergy Generation and Phenol Degradation through Microbial Fuel Cells Energized by Domestic Organic Waste |
| title_fullStr | Bioenergy Generation and Phenol Degradation through Microbial Fuel Cells Energized by Domestic Organic Waste |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioenergy Generation and Phenol Degradation through Microbial Fuel Cells Energized by Domestic Organic Waste |
| title_short | Bioenergy Generation and Phenol Degradation through Microbial Fuel Cells Energized by Domestic Organic Waste |
| title_sort | bioenergy generation and phenol degradation through microbial fuel cells energized by domestic organic waste |
| topic | microbial fuel cells phenol energy generation domestic waste rotten rice wastewater |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/11/4349 |
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