Certified Motorcycle Helmets: Computational Evaluation of the Efficacy of Standard Requirements with Finite Element Models
Every year, thousands of people die in the European Union as a direct result of road accidents. Helmets are one of the most important types of personal safety gear. The ECE R22.05 standard, adopted in 2000, is responsible for the certification of motorcycle helmets in the European Union and in many...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-02-01
|
| Series: | Mathematical and Computational Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8747/25/1/12 |
| _version_ | 1818930248909062144 |
|---|---|
| author | Fábio A. O. Fernandes Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa Mariusz Ptak Johannes Wilhelm |
| author_facet | Fábio A. O. Fernandes Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa Mariusz Ptak Johannes Wilhelm |
| author_sort | Fábio A. O. Fernandes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Every year, thousands of people die in the European Union as a direct result of road accidents. Helmets are one of the most important types of personal safety gear. The ECE R22.05 standard, adopted in 2000, is responsible for the certification of motorcycle helmets in the European Union and in many other countries. Two decades later, it is still being used with the same requirements, without any update. The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficacy of a motorcycle helmet certified by such standard, using computational models as an assessment tool. First, a finite element model of a motorcycle helmet available on the market was developed and validated by simulating the same impacts required by the standard. Then, a finite element model of the human head is used as an injury prediction tool to assess its safety performance. Results indicate a significant risk of brain injury, which is in accordance with previous studies available in the literature. Therefore, this work underlines and emphasizes the need of improving the requirements of ECE R22.05. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T03:57:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c2987e250b64ded9c0346ea12f48cd3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-8747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T03:57:41Z |
| publishDate | 2020-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematical and Computational Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c2987e250b64ded9c0346ea12f48cd32022-12-21T19:54:15ZengMDPI AGMathematical and Computational Applications2297-87472020-02-012511210.3390/mca25010012mca25010012Certified Motorcycle Helmets: Computational Evaluation of the Efficacy of Standard Requirements with Finite Element ModelsFábio A. O. Fernandes0Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa1Mariusz Ptak2Johannes Wilhelm3TEMA—Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalTEMA—Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalDepartment of Machine Design and Research, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza 7/9, 50-371 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Machine Design and Research, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza 7/9, 50-371 Wroclaw, PolandEvery year, thousands of people die in the European Union as a direct result of road accidents. Helmets are one of the most important types of personal safety gear. The ECE R22.05 standard, adopted in 2000, is responsible for the certification of motorcycle helmets in the European Union and in many other countries. Two decades later, it is still being used with the same requirements, without any update. The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficacy of a motorcycle helmet certified by such standard, using computational models as an assessment tool. First, a finite element model of a motorcycle helmet available on the market was developed and validated by simulating the same impacts required by the standard. Then, a finite element model of the human head is used as an injury prediction tool to assess its safety performance. Results indicate a significant risk of brain injury, which is in accordance with previous studies available in the literature. Therefore, this work underlines and emphasizes the need of improving the requirements of ECE R22.05.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8747/25/1/12crashworthinessfinite element modelhead impacthelmetnumerical simulationtraumatic brain injury |
| spellingShingle | Fábio A. O. Fernandes Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa Mariusz Ptak Johannes Wilhelm Certified Motorcycle Helmets: Computational Evaluation of the Efficacy of Standard Requirements with Finite Element Models Mathematical and Computational Applications crashworthiness finite element model head impact helmet numerical simulation traumatic brain injury |
| title | Certified Motorcycle Helmets: Computational Evaluation of the Efficacy of Standard Requirements with Finite Element Models |
| title_full | Certified Motorcycle Helmets: Computational Evaluation of the Efficacy of Standard Requirements with Finite Element Models |
| title_fullStr | Certified Motorcycle Helmets: Computational Evaluation of the Efficacy of Standard Requirements with Finite Element Models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Certified Motorcycle Helmets: Computational Evaluation of the Efficacy of Standard Requirements with Finite Element Models |
| title_short | Certified Motorcycle Helmets: Computational Evaluation of the Efficacy of Standard Requirements with Finite Element Models |
| title_sort | certified motorcycle helmets computational evaluation of the efficacy of standard requirements with finite element models |
| topic | crashworthiness finite element model head impact helmet numerical simulation traumatic brain injury |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8747/25/1/12 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fabioaofernandes certifiedmotorcyclehelmetscomputationalevaluationoftheefficacyofstandardrequirementswithfiniteelementmodels AT ricardojalvesdesousa certifiedmotorcyclehelmetscomputationalevaluationoftheefficacyofstandardrequirementswithfiniteelementmodels AT mariuszptak certifiedmotorcyclehelmetscomputationalevaluationoftheefficacyofstandardrequirementswithfiniteelementmodels AT johanneswilhelm certifiedmotorcyclehelmetscomputationalevaluationoftheefficacyofstandardrequirementswithfiniteelementmodels |