A High-Phosphorus-Content Polyphosphonate with Combined Phosphorus Structures for Flame Retardant PET
A high-phosphorus-content polyphosphonate (PBDA), containing two phosphorus-based structures: phosphaphenanthrene (DOPO) and phenyl phosphonate groups, was synthesized and used in flame retardant polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Good self-extinguishing property (high UL 94 grade and LOI value), sup...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1713 |
| _version_ | 1797607175497973760 |
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| author | Bo Xu Shouao Zhu Siheng Zhao Xiangdong Wang |
| author_facet | Bo Xu Shouao Zhu Siheng Zhao Xiangdong Wang |
| author_sort | Bo Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A high-phosphorus-content polyphosphonate (PBDA), containing two phosphorus-based structures: phosphaphenanthrene (DOPO) and phenyl phosphonate groups, was synthesized and used in flame retardant polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Good self-extinguishing property (high UL 94 grade and LOI value), superior flame retardancy (lower heat/smoke release), and high quality retention (high carbon residue) were endowed to PET by PBDA. When 10 wt% PDBA was added, the peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release (THR), and total smoke rate (TSR) of PDBA/PET were found to be significantly reduced by 80%, 60.5%, and 21%, respectively, compared to the pure PET, and the LOI value jumped from 20.5% for pure PET to 28.7% with a UL-94 V-0 rating. The flame-retardant mode of action in PET was verified by thermogravimetric analysis-Fourier transform infrared (TGA-FTIR), pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), real-time FTIR, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Phosphaphenanthrene and phosphonate moieties in PDBA decomposed in sequence during heating, continuously releasing and keeping high-content PO· and PO<sub>2</sub>· radicals with a quenching effect and simultaneously promoting the formation of viscous crosslinked char layers causing a high barrier effect. PDBA mainly acted in the gas phase but the condensed-phase flame retardant function was also considerable. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:26:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c2d2ebb6bce4b86a02860100f0d6875 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:26:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-2c2d2ebb6bce4b86a02860100f0d68752023-11-17T17:26:28ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-03-01157171310.3390/polym15071713A High-Phosphorus-Content Polyphosphonate with Combined Phosphorus Structures for Flame Retardant PETBo Xu0Shouao Zhu1Siheng Zhao2Xiangdong Wang3School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaA high-phosphorus-content polyphosphonate (PBDA), containing two phosphorus-based structures: phosphaphenanthrene (DOPO) and phenyl phosphonate groups, was synthesized and used in flame retardant polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Good self-extinguishing property (high UL 94 grade and LOI value), superior flame retardancy (lower heat/smoke release), and high quality retention (high carbon residue) were endowed to PET by PBDA. When 10 wt% PDBA was added, the peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release (THR), and total smoke rate (TSR) of PDBA/PET were found to be significantly reduced by 80%, 60.5%, and 21%, respectively, compared to the pure PET, and the LOI value jumped from 20.5% for pure PET to 28.7% with a UL-94 V-0 rating. The flame-retardant mode of action in PET was verified by thermogravimetric analysis-Fourier transform infrared (TGA-FTIR), pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), real-time FTIR, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Phosphaphenanthrene and phosphonate moieties in PDBA decomposed in sequence during heating, continuously releasing and keeping high-content PO· and PO<sub>2</sub>· radicals with a quenching effect and simultaneously promoting the formation of viscous crosslinked char layers causing a high barrier effect. PDBA mainly acted in the gas phase but the condensed-phase flame retardant function was also considerable.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1713flame retardantpolyphosphonatepoly(ethylene terephthalate)high phosphorus content |
| spellingShingle | Bo Xu Shouao Zhu Siheng Zhao Xiangdong Wang A High-Phosphorus-Content Polyphosphonate with Combined Phosphorus Structures for Flame Retardant PET Polymers flame retardant polyphosphonate poly(ethylene terephthalate) high phosphorus content |
| title | A High-Phosphorus-Content Polyphosphonate with Combined Phosphorus Structures for Flame Retardant PET |
| title_full | A High-Phosphorus-Content Polyphosphonate with Combined Phosphorus Structures for Flame Retardant PET |
| title_fullStr | A High-Phosphorus-Content Polyphosphonate with Combined Phosphorus Structures for Flame Retardant PET |
| title_full_unstemmed | A High-Phosphorus-Content Polyphosphonate with Combined Phosphorus Structures for Flame Retardant PET |
| title_short | A High-Phosphorus-Content Polyphosphonate with Combined Phosphorus Structures for Flame Retardant PET |
| title_sort | high phosphorus content polyphosphonate with combined phosphorus structures for flame retardant pet |
| topic | flame retardant polyphosphonate poly(ethylene terephthalate) high phosphorus content |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1713 |
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