Analysis of Crude, Diverse, and Multiple Advanced Glycation End-Product Patterns May Be Important and Beneficial
Lifestyle-related diseases (LSRDs), such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, are a global crisis. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been extensively researched because they trigger or promote LSRDs. Recently, techniques such as fluorimetry, immun...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/1/3 |
| _version_ | 1797339600335667200 |
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| author | Takanobu Takata Togen Masauji Yoshiharu Motoo |
| author_facet | Takanobu Takata Togen Masauji Yoshiharu Motoo |
| author_sort | Takanobu Takata |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lifestyle-related diseases (LSRDs), such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, are a global crisis. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been extensively researched because they trigger or promote LSRDs. Recently, techniques such as fluorimetry, immunostaining, Western blotting, slot blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) have helped prove the existence of intra/extracellular AGEs and revealed novel AGE structures and their modifications against peptide sequences. Therefore, we propose modifications to the existing categorization of AGEs, which was based on the original compounds identified by researchers in the 20th century. In this investigation, we introduce the (i) crude, (ii) diverse, and (iii) multiple AGE patterns. The crude AGE pattern is based on the fact that one type of saccharide or its metabolites or derivatives can generate various AGEs. Diverse and multiple AGE patterns were introduced based on the possibility of combining various AGE structures and proteins and were proven through mass analysis technologies such as MALDI-MS and ESI-MS. Kampo medicines are typically used to treat LSRDs. Because various compounds are contained in Kampo medicines and metabolized to exert effects on various organs or tissues, they may be suitable against various AGEs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:50:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c324157f0004427b2b72e1166b137dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:50:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c324157f0004427b2b72e1166b137dd2024-01-29T14:04:29ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-12-01141310.3390/metabo14010003Analysis of Crude, Diverse, and Multiple Advanced Glycation End-Product Patterns May Be Important and BeneficialTakanobu Takata0Togen Masauji1Yoshiharu Motoo2Division of Molecular and Genetic Biology, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, JapanDepartment of Pharmacy, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, JapanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Fukui Saiseikai Hospital, Wadanakacho 918-8503, Fukui, JapanLifestyle-related diseases (LSRDs), such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, are a global crisis. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been extensively researched because they trigger or promote LSRDs. Recently, techniques such as fluorimetry, immunostaining, Western blotting, slot blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) have helped prove the existence of intra/extracellular AGEs and revealed novel AGE structures and their modifications against peptide sequences. Therefore, we propose modifications to the existing categorization of AGEs, which was based on the original compounds identified by researchers in the 20th century. In this investigation, we introduce the (i) crude, (ii) diverse, and (iii) multiple AGE patterns. The crude AGE pattern is based on the fact that one type of saccharide or its metabolites or derivatives can generate various AGEs. Diverse and multiple AGE patterns were introduced based on the possibility of combining various AGE structures and proteins and were proven through mass analysis technologies such as MALDI-MS and ESI-MS. Kampo medicines are typically used to treat LSRDs. Because various compounds are contained in Kampo medicines and metabolized to exert effects on various organs or tissues, they may be suitable against various AGEs.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/1/3lifestyle-related disease (LSRD)advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)crude AGE patterndiverse AGE patternmultiple AGE patterngas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) |
| spellingShingle | Takanobu Takata Togen Masauji Yoshiharu Motoo Analysis of Crude, Diverse, and Multiple Advanced Glycation End-Product Patterns May Be Important and Beneficial Metabolites lifestyle-related disease (LSRD) advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) crude AGE pattern diverse AGE pattern multiple AGE pattern gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) |
| title | Analysis of Crude, Diverse, and Multiple Advanced Glycation End-Product Patterns May Be Important and Beneficial |
| title_full | Analysis of Crude, Diverse, and Multiple Advanced Glycation End-Product Patterns May Be Important and Beneficial |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Crude, Diverse, and Multiple Advanced Glycation End-Product Patterns May Be Important and Beneficial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Crude, Diverse, and Multiple Advanced Glycation End-Product Patterns May Be Important and Beneficial |
| title_short | Analysis of Crude, Diverse, and Multiple Advanced Glycation End-Product Patterns May Be Important and Beneficial |
| title_sort | analysis of crude diverse and multiple advanced glycation end product patterns may be important and beneficial |
| topic | lifestyle-related disease (LSRD) advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) crude AGE pattern diverse AGE pattern multiple AGE pattern gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/1/3 |
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