Investigation of the Removal of Several Micropollutants Presenting Different Ozone Reactivities from Natural Potable Water Matrix by the Application of Ozonation with the Use of SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalysts
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between solid materials and micropollutants, aiming to enhance the removal of the latter during the application of the ozonation process. For that purpose, two solid materials (SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/7/173 |
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| author | Savvina Psaltou Efthimia Kaprara Apostolos Tsaragklis Manassis Mitrakas Anastasios Zouboulis |
| author_facet | Savvina Psaltou Efthimia Kaprara Apostolos Tsaragklis Manassis Mitrakas Anastasios Zouboulis |
| author_sort | Savvina Psaltou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between solid materials and micropollutants, aiming to enhance the removal of the latter during the application of the ozonation process. For that purpose, two solid materials (SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) presenting catalytic activity were used for the removal of eight micropollutants from natural potable water, containing them either separately or in a mixture, by ozonation. The studied micropollutants, presenting different physicochemical properties, are atrazine, ibuprofen, p-CBA (ozone-resistant compounds), benzotriazole, caffeine (with moderate ozone reactivity), carbamazepine, fluoxetine, paracetamol (easily oxidized by ozone). The residual concentrations of carbamazepine, paracetamol, and fluoxetine were found to be lower than 5.9 μg/L, 1.2 μg/L, and 15.5 μg/L, respectively, after 1 min of oxidation time in all studied systems. In contrast, benzotriazole and caffeine removal was enhanced by the addition of catalysts; in both cases the best catalyst was SiO<sub>2</sub>. Regarding the ozone-resistant compounds, both examined materials enhanced the removal of ibuprofen and p-CBA; however, the best was found to be SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, respectively. In contrast, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> cannot be considered as an effective catalyst for the removal of atrazine, which presents chemical affinity only with SiO<sub>2</sub> and for this reason it can be removed to a higher extent by its presence. Similar results were observed in the study of the mixture, although in this system, the residual concentration of all micropollutants was found to be under the detection limit after the application of catalytic ozonation. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-2c4167963e0b4413a76429561f58b5d52023-11-30T21:53:09ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392022-07-019717310.3390/separations9070173Investigation of the Removal of Several Micropollutants Presenting Different Ozone Reactivities from Natural Potable Water Matrix by the Application of Ozonation with the Use of SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as CatalystsSavvina Psaltou0Efthimia Kaprara1Apostolos Tsaragklis2Manassis Mitrakas3Anastasios Zouboulis4Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceThe aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between solid materials and micropollutants, aiming to enhance the removal of the latter during the application of the ozonation process. For that purpose, two solid materials (SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) presenting catalytic activity were used for the removal of eight micropollutants from natural potable water, containing them either separately or in a mixture, by ozonation. The studied micropollutants, presenting different physicochemical properties, are atrazine, ibuprofen, p-CBA (ozone-resistant compounds), benzotriazole, caffeine (with moderate ozone reactivity), carbamazepine, fluoxetine, paracetamol (easily oxidized by ozone). The residual concentrations of carbamazepine, paracetamol, and fluoxetine were found to be lower than 5.9 μg/L, 1.2 μg/L, and 15.5 μg/L, respectively, after 1 min of oxidation time in all studied systems. In contrast, benzotriazole and caffeine removal was enhanced by the addition of catalysts; in both cases the best catalyst was SiO<sub>2</sub>. Regarding the ozone-resistant compounds, both examined materials enhanced the removal of ibuprofen and p-CBA; however, the best was found to be SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, respectively. In contrast, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> cannot be considered as an effective catalyst for the removal of atrazine, which presents chemical affinity only with SiO<sub>2</sub> and for this reason it can be removed to a higher extent by its presence. Similar results were observed in the study of the mixture, although in this system, the residual concentration of all micropollutants was found to be under the detection limit after the application of catalytic ozonation.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/7/173heterogeneous catalytic ozonationcatalystsmicropollutant removaladvanced oxidation processeswater treatment |
| spellingShingle | Savvina Psaltou Efthimia Kaprara Apostolos Tsaragklis Manassis Mitrakas Anastasios Zouboulis Investigation of the Removal of Several Micropollutants Presenting Different Ozone Reactivities from Natural Potable Water Matrix by the Application of Ozonation with the Use of SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalysts Separations heterogeneous catalytic ozonation catalysts micropollutant removal advanced oxidation processes water treatment |
| title | Investigation of the Removal of Several Micropollutants Presenting Different Ozone Reactivities from Natural Potable Water Matrix by the Application of Ozonation with the Use of SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalysts |
| title_full | Investigation of the Removal of Several Micropollutants Presenting Different Ozone Reactivities from Natural Potable Water Matrix by the Application of Ozonation with the Use of SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalysts |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of the Removal of Several Micropollutants Presenting Different Ozone Reactivities from Natural Potable Water Matrix by the Application of Ozonation with the Use of SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalysts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of the Removal of Several Micropollutants Presenting Different Ozone Reactivities from Natural Potable Water Matrix by the Application of Ozonation with the Use of SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalysts |
| title_short | Investigation of the Removal of Several Micropollutants Presenting Different Ozone Reactivities from Natural Potable Water Matrix by the Application of Ozonation with the Use of SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as Catalysts |
| title_sort | investigation of the removal of several micropollutants presenting different ozone reactivities from natural potable water matrix by the application of ozonation with the use of sio sub 2 sub and al sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub as catalysts |
| topic | heterogeneous catalytic ozonation catalysts micropollutant removal advanced oxidation processes water treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/7/173 |
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