Simultaneous refinement of α-Mg grains and β-Mg17Al12 in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation on Al8Mn4Sm
Due to the significant differences in the formation temperature and crystal structure between the primary α-Mg and eutectic β-Mg17Al12, it is a great challenge to achieve simultaneous refinement of the primary and eutectic phases in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation. Surprisingly, we f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213956722003103 |
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| author | Jun-Chen Chen Mei-Xuan Li Zhi-Yang Yu Zhao-Yuan Meng Cheng Wang Zhi-Zheng Yang Hui-Yuan Wang |
| author_facet | Jun-Chen Chen Mei-Xuan Li Zhi-Yang Yu Zhao-Yuan Meng Cheng Wang Zhi-Zheng Yang Hui-Yuan Wang |
| author_sort | Jun-Chen Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to the significant differences in the formation temperature and crystal structure between the primary α-Mg and eutectic β-Mg17Al12, it is a great challenge to achieve simultaneous refinement of the primary and eutectic phases in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation. Surprisingly, we found that the α-Mg and β-Mg17Al12 in the AZ80 alloy can be simultaneously refined after 0.2 wt.% Sm addition, with the grain size decreasing from ∼217 ± 15 µm to ∼170 ± 10 µm and the β-Mg17Al12 morphology changing from a typical continuous network to a nod-like or spherical structure. The simultaneous refinement mechanism is investigated through solidification simulation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). In the AZ80-0.2Sm alloy, many Al8Mn4Sm particles can be observed near the center of the α-Mg grains or inside the β-Mg17Al12. Crystallographic calculations further reveal that the Al8Mn4Sm has good crystallographic matching with both the α-Mg and β-Mg17Al12, so it possesses the potency to serve as heterogeneous nucleation sites for both phases. The promoted heterogeneous nucleation on the Al8Mn4Sm decreases the undercooling required by the nucleation of the primary and eutectic phases, which enhances the heterogeneous nucleation rate, thus causing the simultaneous refinement of the α-Mg and β-Mg17Al12. The orientation relationships between the Al8Mn4Sm and Mg/Mg17Al12 are identified, which are [1¯21¯0]Mg//[010]Al8Mn4Sm,(101¯0)Mg//(301)Al8Mn4Sm and [1¯12]Mg17Al12//[010]Al8Mn4Sm,(110)Mg17Al12//(301)Al8Mn4Sm, respectively. Furthermore, the refinement of the β-Mg17Al12 accelerates its dissolution during the solution treatment, which is beneficial for cost saving in industrial applications. Other Al8Mn4RE compounds such as Al8Mn4Y might have the same positive effect on the simultaneous refinement due to the similar physicochemical properties of rare earth elements. This work not only proves the possibility of simultaneously refining the primary and eutectic phases in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation, but also provides new insights into the development of refiners for cast Mg alloys. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T08:49:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c4642cb0713423f98afb2b2ee0ae53c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2213-9567 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T08:49:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c4642cb0713423f98afb2b2ee0ae53c2023-02-22T04:30:23ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2213-95672023-01-01111348360Simultaneous refinement of α-Mg grains and β-Mg17Al12 in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation on Al8Mn4SmJun-Chen Chen0Mei-Xuan Li1Zhi-Yang Yu2Zhao-Yuan Meng3Cheng Wang4Zhi-Zheng Yang5Hui-Yuan Wang6Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Nanling Campus, No. 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, PR China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR ChinaKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Nanling Campus, No. 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, PR China; Corresponding authors at: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Nanling Campus, No. 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, China.Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Nanling Campus, No. 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, PR ChinaKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Nanling Campus, No. 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, PR China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR ChinaKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Nanling Campus, No. 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, PR ChinaKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Nanling Campus, No. 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, PR ChinaState Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Nanling Campus, No. 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, PR China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Corresponding authors at: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Nanling Campus, No. 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, China.Due to the significant differences in the formation temperature and crystal structure between the primary α-Mg and eutectic β-Mg17Al12, it is a great challenge to achieve simultaneous refinement of the primary and eutectic phases in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation. Surprisingly, we found that the α-Mg and β-Mg17Al12 in the AZ80 alloy can be simultaneously refined after 0.2 wt.% Sm addition, with the grain size decreasing from ∼217 ± 15 µm to ∼170 ± 10 µm and the β-Mg17Al12 morphology changing from a typical continuous network to a nod-like or spherical structure. The simultaneous refinement mechanism is investigated through solidification simulation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). In the AZ80-0.2Sm alloy, many Al8Mn4Sm particles can be observed near the center of the α-Mg grains or inside the β-Mg17Al12. Crystallographic calculations further reveal that the Al8Mn4Sm has good crystallographic matching with both the α-Mg and β-Mg17Al12, so it possesses the potency to serve as heterogeneous nucleation sites for both phases. The promoted heterogeneous nucleation on the Al8Mn4Sm decreases the undercooling required by the nucleation of the primary and eutectic phases, which enhances the heterogeneous nucleation rate, thus causing the simultaneous refinement of the α-Mg and β-Mg17Al12. The orientation relationships between the Al8Mn4Sm and Mg/Mg17Al12 are identified, which are [1¯21¯0]Mg//[010]Al8Mn4Sm,(101¯0)Mg//(301)Al8Mn4Sm and [1¯12]Mg17Al12//[010]Al8Mn4Sm,(110)Mg17Al12//(301)Al8Mn4Sm, respectively. Furthermore, the refinement of the β-Mg17Al12 accelerates its dissolution during the solution treatment, which is beneficial for cost saving in industrial applications. Other Al8Mn4RE compounds such as Al8Mn4Y might have the same positive effect on the simultaneous refinement due to the similar physicochemical properties of rare earth elements. This work not only proves the possibility of simultaneously refining the primary and eutectic phases in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation, but also provides new insights into the development of refiners for cast Mg alloys.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213956722003103Magnesium alloysMicrostructure refinementPrimary α-MgEutectic β-Mg17Al12Rare earthHeterogeneous nucleation |
| spellingShingle | Jun-Chen Chen Mei-Xuan Li Zhi-Yang Yu Zhao-Yuan Meng Cheng Wang Zhi-Zheng Yang Hui-Yuan Wang Simultaneous refinement of α-Mg grains and β-Mg17Al12 in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation on Al8Mn4Sm Journal of Magnesium and Alloys Magnesium alloys Microstructure refinement Primary α-Mg Eutectic β-Mg17Al12 Rare earth Heterogeneous nucleation |
| title | Simultaneous refinement of α-Mg grains and β-Mg17Al12 in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation on Al8Mn4Sm |
| title_full | Simultaneous refinement of α-Mg grains and β-Mg17Al12 in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation on Al8Mn4Sm |
| title_fullStr | Simultaneous refinement of α-Mg grains and β-Mg17Al12 in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation on Al8Mn4Sm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simultaneous refinement of α-Mg grains and β-Mg17Al12 in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation on Al8Mn4Sm |
| title_short | Simultaneous refinement of α-Mg grains and β-Mg17Al12 in Mg-Al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation on Al8Mn4Sm |
| title_sort | simultaneous refinement of α mg grains and β mg17al12 in mg al based alloys via heterogeneous nucleation on al8mn4sm |
| topic | Magnesium alloys Microstructure refinement Primary α-Mg Eutectic β-Mg17Al12 Rare earth Heterogeneous nucleation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213956722003103 |
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