Platelets in wound healing and regenerative medicine
Although platelets are widely recognized as having a critical role in primary hemostasis and thrombosis, increasing experimental and clinical evidence identifies these enucleated cells as relevant modulators of other physiopathological processes including inflammation and tissue regeneration. These...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Platelets |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537104.2018.1430357 |
| _version_ | 1797684252113895424 |
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| author | Julia Etulain |
| author_facet | Julia Etulain |
| author_sort | Julia Etulain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although platelets are widely recognized as having a critical role in primary hemostasis and thrombosis, increasing experimental and clinical evidence identifies these enucleated cells as relevant modulators of other physiopathological processes including inflammation and tissue regeneration. These phenomena are mediated through the release of growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix modulators that sequentially promote (i) revascularization of damaged tissue through the induction of migration, proliferation, differentiation, and stabilization of endothelial cells in new blood vessels; (ii) restoration of damaged connective tissue through migration, proliferation, and activation of fibroblasts; and (iii) proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into tissue-specific cell types. For these reasons, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) derivatives are used in regenerative medicine for the treatment of several clinical conditions including ulcers, burns, muscle repair, bone diseases, and tissue recovery following surgery. The benefits of PRP administration are associated with an economical advantage, taking into consideration that PRP administration does not require complex equipment or training for its execution. Moreover, due to their primary autologous origin, concerns of disease transmission or immunogenic reactions can be disregarded. Thus, platelet-enriched materials have become highly relevant in the last decade and constitute a growing focus of experimental and clinical study in the context of wound healing and tissue regeneration. However, despite the diverse applications, the efficacy of regenerative treatments using PRP is being called into question due to the lack of large controlled clinical trials and the lack of consensus regarding the PRP preparation techniques. This review describes the biological mechanisms underlying PRP’s regenerative effects, the different methods of preparation and application of these biomaterials, and the controversies and future prospects related to the use of PRP in regenerative medicine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:26:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c4e685186d64e3eae95fdc78a829574 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0953-7104 1369-1635 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:26:53Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Platelets |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c4e685186d64e3eae95fdc78a8295742023-09-15T10:31:59ZengTaylor & Francis GroupPlatelets0953-71041369-16352018-08-0129655656810.1080/09537104.2018.14303571430357Platelets in wound healing and regenerative medicineJulia Etulain0National Academy of MedicineAlthough platelets are widely recognized as having a critical role in primary hemostasis and thrombosis, increasing experimental and clinical evidence identifies these enucleated cells as relevant modulators of other physiopathological processes including inflammation and tissue regeneration. These phenomena are mediated through the release of growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix modulators that sequentially promote (i) revascularization of damaged tissue through the induction of migration, proliferation, differentiation, and stabilization of endothelial cells in new blood vessels; (ii) restoration of damaged connective tissue through migration, proliferation, and activation of fibroblasts; and (iii) proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into tissue-specific cell types. For these reasons, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) derivatives are used in regenerative medicine for the treatment of several clinical conditions including ulcers, burns, muscle repair, bone diseases, and tissue recovery following surgery. The benefits of PRP administration are associated with an economical advantage, taking into consideration that PRP administration does not require complex equipment or training for its execution. Moreover, due to their primary autologous origin, concerns of disease transmission or immunogenic reactions can be disregarded. Thus, platelet-enriched materials have become highly relevant in the last decade and constitute a growing focus of experimental and clinical study in the context of wound healing and tissue regeneration. However, despite the diverse applications, the efficacy of regenerative treatments using PRP is being called into question due to the lack of large controlled clinical trials and the lack of consensus regarding the PRP preparation techniques. This review describes the biological mechanisms underlying PRP’s regenerative effects, the different methods of preparation and application of these biomaterials, and the controversies and future prospects related to the use of PRP in regenerative medicine.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537104.2018.1430357growth factorsinflammation resolutionplatelet-rich plasmaplateletsregenerative medicinewound healing |
| spellingShingle | Julia Etulain Platelets in wound healing and regenerative medicine Platelets growth factors inflammation resolution platelet-rich plasma platelets regenerative medicine wound healing |
| title | Platelets in wound healing and regenerative medicine |
| title_full | Platelets in wound healing and regenerative medicine |
| title_fullStr | Platelets in wound healing and regenerative medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Platelets in wound healing and regenerative medicine |
| title_short | Platelets in wound healing and regenerative medicine |
| title_sort | platelets in wound healing and regenerative medicine |
| topic | growth factors inflammation resolution platelet-rich plasma platelets regenerative medicine wound healing |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537104.2018.1430357 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT juliaetulain plateletsinwoundhealingandregenerativemedicine |