Complications of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Extrahepatic Organs
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now recognized as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, along with the concurrent epidemics of metabolic syndrome and obesity. Patients with NAFLD have increased risks of end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related mort...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/10/11/912 |
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| author | Wataru Tomeno Kento Imajo Takuya Takayanagi Yu Ebisawa Kosuke Seita Tsuneyuki Takimoto Kanami Honda Takashi Kobayashi Asako Nogami Takayuki Kato Yasushi Honda Takaomi Kessoku Yuji Ogawa Hiroyuki Kirikoshi Yasunari Sakamoto Masato Yoneda Satoru Saito Atsushi Nakajima |
| author_facet | Wataru Tomeno Kento Imajo Takuya Takayanagi Yu Ebisawa Kosuke Seita Tsuneyuki Takimoto Kanami Honda Takashi Kobayashi Asako Nogami Takayuki Kato Yasushi Honda Takaomi Kessoku Yuji Ogawa Hiroyuki Kirikoshi Yasunari Sakamoto Masato Yoneda Satoru Saito Atsushi Nakajima |
| author_sort | Wataru Tomeno |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now recognized as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, along with the concurrent epidemics of metabolic syndrome and obesity. Patients with NAFLD have increased risks of end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related mortality. However, the largest cause of death among patients with NAFLD is cardiovascular disease followed by extrahepatic malignancies, whereas liver-related mortality is only the third cause of death. Extrahepatic complications of NAFLD include chronic kidney disease, extrahepatic malignancies (such as colorectal cancer), psychological dysfunction, gastroesophageal reflux disease, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, periodontitis, hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. The objective of this narrative review was to summarize recent evidences about extrahepatic complications of NAFLD, with focus on the prevalent/incident risk of such diseases in patients with NAFLD. To date, an appropriate screening method for extrahepatic complications has not yet been determined. Collaborative care with respective experts seems to be necessary for patient management because extrahepatic complications can occur across multiple organs. Further studies are needed to reveal risk profiles at baseline and to determine an appropriate screening method for extrahepatic diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:00:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c533c9c39e747a4b9cfab5db39c0766 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:00:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c533c9c39e747a4b9cfab5db39c07662023-11-20T20:09:35ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182020-11-01101191210.3390/diagnostics10110912Complications of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Extrahepatic OrgansWataru Tomeno0Kento Imajo1Takuya Takayanagi2Yu Ebisawa3Kosuke Seita4Tsuneyuki Takimoto5Kanami Honda6Takashi Kobayashi7Asako Nogami8Takayuki Kato9Yasushi Honda10Takaomi Kessoku11Yuji Ogawa12Hiroyuki Kirikoshi13Yasunari Sakamoto14Masato Yoneda15Satoru Saito16Atsushi Nakajima17Department of Gastroenterology, International University of Health and Welfare Atami Hospital, 13-1 Higashikaigancho, Atami-shi, Shizuoka 413-0012, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, International University of Health and Welfare Atami Hospital, 13-1 Higashikaigancho, Atami-shi, Shizuoka 413-0012, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, International University of Health and Welfare Atami Hospital, 13-1 Higashikaigancho, Atami-shi, Shizuoka 413-0012, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, International University of Health and Welfare Atami Hospital, 13-1 Higashikaigancho, Atami-shi, Shizuoka 413-0012, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, International University of Health and Welfare Atami Hospital, 13-1 Higashikaigancho, Atami-shi, Shizuoka 413-0012, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, International University of Health and Welfare Atami Hospital, 13-1 Higashikaigancho, Atami-shi, Shizuoka 413-0012, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, International University of Health and Welfare Atami Hospital, 13-1 Higashikaigancho, Atami-shi, Shizuoka 413-0012, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Yokohama City University Hospital, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, International University of Health and Welfare Atami Hospital, 13-1 Higashikaigancho, Atami-shi, Shizuoka 413-0012, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now recognized as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, along with the concurrent epidemics of metabolic syndrome and obesity. Patients with NAFLD have increased risks of end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related mortality. However, the largest cause of death among patients with NAFLD is cardiovascular disease followed by extrahepatic malignancies, whereas liver-related mortality is only the third cause of death. Extrahepatic complications of NAFLD include chronic kidney disease, extrahepatic malignancies (such as colorectal cancer), psychological dysfunction, gastroesophageal reflux disease, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, periodontitis, hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. The objective of this narrative review was to summarize recent evidences about extrahepatic complications of NAFLD, with focus on the prevalent/incident risk of such diseases in patients with NAFLD. To date, an appropriate screening method for extrahepatic complications has not yet been determined. Collaborative care with respective experts seems to be necessary for patient management because extrahepatic complications can occur across multiple organs. Further studies are needed to reveal risk profiles at baseline and to determine an appropriate screening method for extrahepatic diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/10/11/912non-alcoholic fatty liver diseasenon-alcoholic steatohepatitisextrahepatic complicationschronic kidney diseasecolorectal cancermajor depressive disorder |
| spellingShingle | Wataru Tomeno Kento Imajo Takuya Takayanagi Yu Ebisawa Kosuke Seita Tsuneyuki Takimoto Kanami Honda Takashi Kobayashi Asako Nogami Takayuki Kato Yasushi Honda Takaomi Kessoku Yuji Ogawa Hiroyuki Kirikoshi Yasunari Sakamoto Masato Yoneda Satoru Saito Atsushi Nakajima Complications of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Extrahepatic Organs Diagnostics non-alcoholic fatty liver disease non-alcoholic steatohepatitis extrahepatic complications chronic kidney disease colorectal cancer major depressive disorder |
| title | Complications of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Extrahepatic Organs |
| title_full | Complications of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Extrahepatic Organs |
| title_fullStr | Complications of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Extrahepatic Organs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Complications of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Extrahepatic Organs |
| title_short | Complications of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Extrahepatic Organs |
| title_sort | complications of non alcoholic fatty liver disease in extrahepatic organs |
| topic | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease non-alcoholic steatohepatitis extrahepatic complications chronic kidney disease colorectal cancer major depressive disorder |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/10/11/912 |
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