Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies
BackgroundMetabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a novel terminology introduced in 2020 to provide a more accurate description of fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. It replaces the outdated term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and aims to improve diagnos...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1291501/full |
| _version_ | 1827376080535683072 |
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| author | Mohammad Habibullah Khaleed Jemmieh Amr Ouda Mohammad Zulqurnain Haider Mohammed Imad Malki Abdel-Naser Elzouki Abdel-Naser Elzouki Abdel-Naser Elzouki |
| author_facet | Mohammad Habibullah Khaleed Jemmieh Amr Ouda Mohammad Zulqurnain Haider Mohammed Imad Malki Abdel-Naser Elzouki Abdel-Naser Elzouki Abdel-Naser Elzouki |
| author_sort | Mohammad Habibullah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundMetabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a novel terminology introduced in 2020 to provide a more accurate description of fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. It replaces the outdated term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and aims to improve diagnostic criteria and tailored treatment strategies for the disease. NAFLD, the most prevalent liver disease in western industrialized nations, has been steadily increasing in prevalence and is associated with serious complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is also linked to insulin resistance syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. However, current studies on NAFLD have limitations in meeting necessary histological endpoints.ObjectiveThis literature review aims to consolidate recent knowledge and discoveries concerning MAFLD, integrating the diverse aspects of the disease. Specifically, it focuses on analyzing the diagnostic criteria for MAFLD, differentiating it from NAFLD and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), and exploring the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and management approaches associated with MAFLD. The review also explores the associations between MAFLD and other conditions. It discusses the heightened mortality risk associated with MAFLD and its link to chronic kidney disease (CKD), showing that MAFLD exhibits enhanced diagnostic accuracy for identifying patients with CKD compared to NAFLD. The association between MAFLD and incident/prevalent CKD is supported by cohort studies and meta-analyses.ConclusionThis literature review highlights the importance of MAFLD as a distinct terminology for fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. The review provides insights into the diagnostic criteria, associations with CKD, and management approaches for MAFLD. Further research is needed to develop more accurate diagnostic tools for advanced fibrosis in MAFLD and to explore the underlying mechanisms linking MAFLD with other conditions. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and healthcare professionals seeking a comprehensive understanding of MAFLD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:04:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c5a3dfa737a46d5823df4977b01d78a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:04:31Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c5a3dfa737a46d5823df4977b01d78a2024-01-23T11:19:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2024-01-011110.3389/fmed.2024.12915011291501Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategiesMohammad Habibullah0Khaleed Jemmieh1Amr Ouda2Mohammad Zulqurnain Haider3Mohammed Imad Malki4Abdel-Naser Elzouki5Abdel-Naser Elzouki6Abdel-Naser Elzouki7College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCollege of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, QatarInternal Medicine Department, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, QatarWeill Cornell Medical Qatar, Doha, QatarBackgroundMetabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a novel terminology introduced in 2020 to provide a more accurate description of fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. It replaces the outdated term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and aims to improve diagnostic criteria and tailored treatment strategies for the disease. NAFLD, the most prevalent liver disease in western industrialized nations, has been steadily increasing in prevalence and is associated with serious complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is also linked to insulin resistance syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. However, current studies on NAFLD have limitations in meeting necessary histological endpoints.ObjectiveThis literature review aims to consolidate recent knowledge and discoveries concerning MAFLD, integrating the diverse aspects of the disease. Specifically, it focuses on analyzing the diagnostic criteria for MAFLD, differentiating it from NAFLD and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), and exploring the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and management approaches associated with MAFLD. The review also explores the associations between MAFLD and other conditions. It discusses the heightened mortality risk associated with MAFLD and its link to chronic kidney disease (CKD), showing that MAFLD exhibits enhanced diagnostic accuracy for identifying patients with CKD compared to NAFLD. The association between MAFLD and incident/prevalent CKD is supported by cohort studies and meta-analyses.ConclusionThis literature review highlights the importance of MAFLD as a distinct terminology for fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. The review provides insights into the diagnostic criteria, associations with CKD, and management approaches for MAFLD. Further research is needed to develop more accurate diagnostic tools for advanced fibrosis in MAFLD and to explore the underlying mechanisms linking MAFLD with other conditions. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and healthcare professionals seeking a comprehensive understanding of MAFLD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1291501/fullmetabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)diagnostic criteriahepatic steatosisnonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)epidemiology |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Habibullah Khaleed Jemmieh Amr Ouda Mohammad Zulqurnain Haider Mohammed Imad Malki Abdel-Naser Elzouki Abdel-Naser Elzouki Abdel-Naser Elzouki Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies Frontiers in Medicine metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) diagnostic criteria hepatic steatosis nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) epidemiology |
| title | Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies |
| title_full | Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies |
| title_fullStr | Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies |
| title_short | Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies |
| title_sort | metabolic associated fatty liver disease a selective review of pathogenesis diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies |
| topic | metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) diagnostic criteria hepatic steatosis nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) epidemiology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1291501/full |
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