Comparison of Short-Sprint and Heavy Strength Training on Cycling Performance
PurposeTo compare the effects of short-sprint training (SST) and heavy-strength training (HST) following a 4-week strength-training period on sprint and endurance capacities in well-trained cyclists.MethodsTwenty-eight competitive cyclists (age 29 ± 6 years) with maximal oxygen uptake () of 61.1 ± 5...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.01132/full |
| _version_ | 1819211261336879104 |
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| author | Morten Kristoffersen Morten Kristoffersen Øyvind Sandbakk Bent R. Rønnestad Hilde Gundersen |
| author_facet | Morten Kristoffersen Morten Kristoffersen Øyvind Sandbakk Bent R. Rønnestad Hilde Gundersen |
| author_sort | Morten Kristoffersen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PurposeTo compare the effects of short-sprint training (SST) and heavy-strength training (HST) following a 4-week strength-training period on sprint and endurance capacities in well-trained cyclists.MethodsTwenty-eight competitive cyclists (age 29 ± 6 years) with maximal oxygen uptake () of 61.1 ± 5.9 mL⋅min–1⋅kg–1 participated. After a 4-weeks preparation strength-training period, the participants were randomized to add either HST or SST to their usual endurance training for the subsequent 6 weeks. Body composition, and power output at blood lactate concentration ([La–]) of 4 mmol⋅L–1, as well as a 100 min cycling test including 6 and 30-s sprints, 60 min cycling at [La–] of 2 mmol⋅L–1 and 5-min all-out cycling were performed before the 4-week preparation strength-training period, and before and after the 6-week intervention period. In addition, 1 repetition maximum (RM) in half-squat and 55-m maximal sprints on the cyclists’ own bikes were measured before and after the 6-week intervention.ResultsSST was superior to HST in 6-s sprint performance, both in a fresh state (4.7 ± 2.6% vs. 1.1 ± 3.5%) and after prolong cycling (6.1 ± 1.8% vs. 1.8 ± 4.2%), in 30-s sprint (3.7 ± 2.8% vs. 1.3 ± 2.5%) and in 55-m seated sprint on own bike (4.3 ± 2.1% vs. 0.2 ± 1.8%) (all p < 0.002). HST induced a larger 1RM improvement in the half-squat test than SST (9.3 ± 3.6% vs. −3.9 ± 3.8%; p < 0.001). No group differences were revealed in the 5-min all-out test, , power output at 4 mmol⋅L–1 [La–], or in gross efficiency.ConclusionSST led to a greater increase in average and peak power output on all sprint tests compared to HST, whereas HST led to a greater increase in maximal strength. No group differences were found in relative changes in endurance capacities. Altogether, our results show a high degree of specificity in the adaptations of both SST and HST. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T06:24:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c6e758497524f44bc8ead9e504a6060 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T06:24:16Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c6e758497524f44bc8ead9e504a60602022-12-21T17:57:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2019-08-011010.3389/fphys.2019.01132479322Comparison of Short-Sprint and Heavy Strength Training on Cycling PerformanceMorten Kristoffersen0Morten Kristoffersen1Øyvind Sandbakk2Bent R. Rønnestad3Hilde Gundersen4Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, NorwayCentre for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayCentre for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwaySection for Sport Science, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Lillehammer, NorwayDepartment of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, NorwayPurposeTo compare the effects of short-sprint training (SST) and heavy-strength training (HST) following a 4-week strength-training period on sprint and endurance capacities in well-trained cyclists.MethodsTwenty-eight competitive cyclists (age 29 ± 6 years) with maximal oxygen uptake () of 61.1 ± 5.9 mL⋅min–1⋅kg–1 participated. After a 4-weeks preparation strength-training period, the participants were randomized to add either HST or SST to their usual endurance training for the subsequent 6 weeks. Body composition, and power output at blood lactate concentration ([La–]) of 4 mmol⋅L–1, as well as a 100 min cycling test including 6 and 30-s sprints, 60 min cycling at [La–] of 2 mmol⋅L–1 and 5-min all-out cycling were performed before the 4-week preparation strength-training period, and before and after the 6-week intervention period. In addition, 1 repetition maximum (RM) in half-squat and 55-m maximal sprints on the cyclists’ own bikes were measured before and after the 6-week intervention.ResultsSST was superior to HST in 6-s sprint performance, both in a fresh state (4.7 ± 2.6% vs. 1.1 ± 3.5%) and after prolong cycling (6.1 ± 1.8% vs. 1.8 ± 4.2%), in 30-s sprint (3.7 ± 2.8% vs. 1.3 ± 2.5%) and in 55-m seated sprint on own bike (4.3 ± 2.1% vs. 0.2 ± 1.8%) (all p < 0.002). HST induced a larger 1RM improvement in the half-squat test than SST (9.3 ± 3.6% vs. −3.9 ± 3.8%; p < 0.001). No group differences were revealed in the 5-min all-out test, , power output at 4 mmol⋅L–1 [La–], or in gross efficiency.ConclusionSST led to a greater increase in average and peak power output on all sprint tests compared to HST, whereas HST led to a greater increase in maximal strength. No group differences were found in relative changes in endurance capacities. Altogether, our results show a high degree of specificity in the adaptations of both SST and HST.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.01132/fullroad cyclingshort-sprint trainingstrength trainingconcurrent trainingpower outputtrained subjects |
| spellingShingle | Morten Kristoffersen Morten Kristoffersen Øyvind Sandbakk Bent R. Rønnestad Hilde Gundersen Comparison of Short-Sprint and Heavy Strength Training on Cycling Performance Frontiers in Physiology road cycling short-sprint training strength training concurrent training power output trained subjects |
| title | Comparison of Short-Sprint and Heavy Strength Training on Cycling Performance |
| title_full | Comparison of Short-Sprint and Heavy Strength Training on Cycling Performance |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Short-Sprint and Heavy Strength Training on Cycling Performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Short-Sprint and Heavy Strength Training on Cycling Performance |
| title_short | Comparison of Short-Sprint and Heavy Strength Training on Cycling Performance |
| title_sort | comparison of short sprint and heavy strength training on cycling performance |
| topic | road cycling short-sprint training strength training concurrent training power output trained subjects |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.01132/full |
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