Serological Prevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in Wild Boars (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) Hunted in a Highly Anthropized Area in Italy
Due to the increasing expansion into urban and rural areas, wild boars represent a potential source of infection with zoonotic and animal-specific parasites for both humans and animals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the serological prevalence to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1730 |
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| author | Luca Villa Carolina Allievi Alessia Libera Gazzonis Giordano Ventura Matteo Gradassi Sergio Aurelio Zanzani Maria Teresa Manfredi |
| author_facet | Luca Villa Carolina Allievi Alessia Libera Gazzonis Giordano Ventura Matteo Gradassi Sergio Aurelio Zanzani Maria Teresa Manfredi |
| author_sort | Luca Villa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to the increasing expansion into urban and rural areas, wild boars represent a potential source of infection with zoonotic and animal-specific parasites for both humans and animals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the serological prevalence to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in blood samples from wild boars (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) hunted in an anthropized area in Italy. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests were used to detect antibodies anti-<i>T. gondii</i> and anti-<i>S. scabiei</i> and an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) for antibodies anti-<i>N. caninum</i>. 81 out of 128 wild boars (P = 63.3%) resulted positive for at least one of the three parasites. 68 of them were seropositive to <i>T. gondii</i> (P = 53.1%) and 14 to <i>N. caninum</i> (P = 10.9%). 9 wild boars resulted seropositive to <i>S. scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> (P = 7.0%). Sampling season was the only significant risk factor related to <i>S. scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> seroprevalence (OR = 7.8). The high occurrence of <i>T. gondii</i> supports the role of this species as a source of infection for other animals and humans. Furthermore, the serological prevalence of <i>N. caninum</i> and <i>S. scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in wild boars from the study area characterized by the presence of numerous dairy cattle and pig farms is relevant to demonstrate its suitability for the circulation of these parasites both in domestic and wild species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:12:13Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:12:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c749ec6563a4f17a5720e9d45b110132023-11-18T07:28:57ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-05-011311173010.3390/ani13111730Serological Prevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in Wild Boars (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) Hunted in a Highly Anthropized Area in ItalyLuca Villa0Carolina Allievi1Alessia Libera Gazzonis2Giordano Ventura3Matteo Gradassi4Sergio Aurelio Zanzani5Maria Teresa Manfredi6Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna “Bruno Ubertini”, Via Cardinal Massaia 7, 26100 Cremona, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna “Bruno Ubertini”, Via Cardinal Massaia 7, 26100 Cremona, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDue to the increasing expansion into urban and rural areas, wild boars represent a potential source of infection with zoonotic and animal-specific parasites for both humans and animals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the serological prevalence to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in blood samples from wild boars (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) hunted in an anthropized area in Italy. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests were used to detect antibodies anti-<i>T. gondii</i> and anti-<i>S. scabiei</i> and an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) for antibodies anti-<i>N. caninum</i>. 81 out of 128 wild boars (P = 63.3%) resulted positive for at least one of the three parasites. 68 of them were seropositive to <i>T. gondii</i> (P = 53.1%) and 14 to <i>N. caninum</i> (P = 10.9%). 9 wild boars resulted seropositive to <i>S. scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> (P = 7.0%). Sampling season was the only significant risk factor related to <i>S. scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> seroprevalence (OR = 7.8). The high occurrence of <i>T. gondii</i> supports the role of this species as a source of infection for other animals and humans. Furthermore, the serological prevalence of <i>N. caninum</i> and <i>S. scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in wild boars from the study area characterized by the presence of numerous dairy cattle and pig farms is relevant to demonstrate its suitability for the circulation of these parasites both in domestic and wild species.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1730<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i><i>Neospora caninum</i><i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i>wild boarszoonosis |
| spellingShingle | Luca Villa Carolina Allievi Alessia Libera Gazzonis Giordano Ventura Matteo Gradassi Sergio Aurelio Zanzani Maria Teresa Manfredi Serological Prevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in Wild Boars (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) Hunted in a Highly Anthropized Area in Italy Animals <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> <i>Neospora caninum</i> <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> wild boars zoonosis |
| title | Serological Prevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in Wild Boars (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) Hunted in a Highly Anthropized Area in Italy |
| title_full | Serological Prevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in Wild Boars (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) Hunted in a Highly Anthropized Area in Italy |
| title_fullStr | Serological Prevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in Wild Boars (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) Hunted in a Highly Anthropized Area in Italy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serological Prevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in Wild Boars (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) Hunted in a Highly Anthropized Area in Italy |
| title_short | Serological Prevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, and <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>suis</i> in Wild Boars (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) Hunted in a Highly Anthropized Area in Italy |
| title_sort | serological prevalence of i toxoplasma gondii i i neospora caninum i and i sarcoptes scabiei i var i suis i in wild boars i sus scrofa i hunted in a highly anthropized area in italy |
| topic | <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> <i>Neospora caninum</i> <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> wild boars zoonosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1730 |
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