Study on Fire Smoke Distribution and Safety Evacuation of Subway Station Based on BIM

A subway station is a confined space, so it is very important to evacuate people safely in case of a fire. It is necessary to study and analyze the smoke distribution and evacuation ability of different station layout schemes when fire occurs. Taking a subway station as an example, this paper combin...

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Main Authors: Nian Zhang, Yan Liang, Caifeng Zhou, Mengmeng Niu, Fei Wan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-12-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/24/12808
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author Nian Zhang
Yan Liang
Caifeng Zhou
Mengmeng Niu
Fei Wan
author_facet Nian Zhang
Yan Liang
Caifeng Zhou
Mengmeng Niu
Fei Wan
author_sort Nian Zhang
collection DOAJ
description A subway station is a confined space, so it is very important to evacuate people safely in case of a fire. It is necessary to study and analyze the smoke distribution and evacuation ability of different station layout schemes when fire occurs. Taking a subway station as an example, this paper combines BIM (Building Information Model) technology with the fire safety evacuation of the subway station. First, we optimize the layout of the public area of the subway station and use BIM technology to establish a subway station model. Then, we use the PyroSim software to establish a subway station fire model to analyze fire development in different locations of the station in the optimization scheme, and determine the time it takes for CO concentration, smoke temperature and visibility to reach the critical value of danger. Finally, a subway station fire evacuation model is established using the Pathfinder software to study the safety evacuation of people in the subway station fire. The results show that it takes the shortest time for the visibility in the station to reach the critical value under fire conditions, and the threat to safety evacuation is the greatest. The available safe evacuation time of the optimized subway station is greater than the required safe evacuation time under different fire conditions, that is, the optimized subway station arrangement can ensure the safety evacuation of the personnel in the subway station under fire conditions. The research results can serve as reference for the optimization of safety evacuation designs of similar subway stations.
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spelling doaj.art-2c77b6e1e7c04cd18ec2291858bdc70f2023-11-24T13:05:02ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-12-0112241280810.3390/app122412808Study on Fire Smoke Distribution and Safety Evacuation of Subway Station Based on BIMNian Zhang0Yan Liang1Caifeng Zhou2Mengmeng Niu3Fei Wan4College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaQingyang Road Transportation Administration, Qingyang 745000, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaResearch Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, ChinaA subway station is a confined space, so it is very important to evacuate people safely in case of a fire. It is necessary to study and analyze the smoke distribution and evacuation ability of different station layout schemes when fire occurs. Taking a subway station as an example, this paper combines BIM (Building Information Model) technology with the fire safety evacuation of the subway station. First, we optimize the layout of the public area of the subway station and use BIM technology to establish a subway station model. Then, we use the PyroSim software to establish a subway station fire model to analyze fire development in different locations of the station in the optimization scheme, and determine the time it takes for CO concentration, smoke temperature and visibility to reach the critical value of danger. Finally, a subway station fire evacuation model is established using the Pathfinder software to study the safety evacuation of people in the subway station fire. The results show that it takes the shortest time for the visibility in the station to reach the critical value under fire conditions, and the threat to safety evacuation is the greatest. The available safe evacuation time of the optimized subway station is greater than the required safe evacuation time under different fire conditions, that is, the optimized subway station arrangement can ensure the safety evacuation of the personnel in the subway station under fire conditions. The research results can serve as reference for the optimization of safety evacuation designs of similar subway stations.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/24/12808BIMsubway stationsmoke distributionsafety evacuationfire simulation
spellingShingle Nian Zhang
Yan Liang
Caifeng Zhou
Mengmeng Niu
Fei Wan
Study on Fire Smoke Distribution and Safety Evacuation of Subway Station Based on BIM
Applied Sciences
BIM
subway station
smoke distribution
safety evacuation
fire simulation
title Study on Fire Smoke Distribution and Safety Evacuation of Subway Station Based on BIM
title_full Study on Fire Smoke Distribution and Safety Evacuation of Subway Station Based on BIM
title_fullStr Study on Fire Smoke Distribution and Safety Evacuation of Subway Station Based on BIM
title_full_unstemmed Study on Fire Smoke Distribution and Safety Evacuation of Subway Station Based on BIM
title_short Study on Fire Smoke Distribution and Safety Evacuation of Subway Station Based on BIM
title_sort study on fire smoke distribution and safety evacuation of subway station based on bim
topic BIM
subway station
smoke distribution
safety evacuation
fire simulation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/24/12808
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AT mengmengniu studyonfiresmokedistributionandsafetyevacuationofsubwaystationbasedonbim
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