New Insights into 5hmC DNA Modification: Generation, Distribution and Function
Dynamic DNA modifications, such as methylation/demethylation on cytosine, are major epigenetic mechanisms to modulate gene expression in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In addition to the common methylation on the 5th position of the pyrimidine ring of cytosine (5mC), other types of modifications a...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2017.00100/full |
| _version_ | 1818849670009454592 |
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| author | Dong-Qiao Shi Iftikhar Ali Jun Tang Wei-Cai Yang |
| author_facet | Dong-Qiao Shi Iftikhar Ali Jun Tang Wei-Cai Yang |
| author_sort | Dong-Qiao Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dynamic DNA modifications, such as methylation/demethylation on cytosine, are major epigenetic mechanisms to modulate gene expression in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In addition to the common methylation on the 5th position of the pyrimidine ring of cytosine (5mC), other types of modifications at the same position, such as 5-hydroxymethyl (5hmC), 5-formyl (5fC), and 5-carboxyl (5caC), are also important. Recently, 5hmC, a product of 5mC demethylation by the Ten-Eleven Translocation family proteins, was shown to regulate many cellular and developmental processes, including the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells, neuron development, and tumorigenesis in mammals. Here, we review recent advances on the generation, distribution, and function of 5hmC modification in mammals and discuss its potential roles in plants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T06:36:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c7905862d8c4abf965f4a2bb9859e4f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T06:36:55Z |
| publishDate | 2017-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c7905862d8c4abf965f4a2bb9859e4f2022-12-21T20:32:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212017-07-01810.3389/fgene.2017.00100270761New Insights into 5hmC DNA Modification: Generation, Distribution and FunctionDong-Qiao ShiIftikhar AliJun TangWei-Cai YangDynamic DNA modifications, such as methylation/demethylation on cytosine, are major epigenetic mechanisms to modulate gene expression in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In addition to the common methylation on the 5th position of the pyrimidine ring of cytosine (5mC), other types of modifications at the same position, such as 5-hydroxymethyl (5hmC), 5-formyl (5fC), and 5-carboxyl (5caC), are also important. Recently, 5hmC, a product of 5mC demethylation by the Ten-Eleven Translocation family proteins, was shown to regulate many cellular and developmental processes, including the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells, neuron development, and tumorigenesis in mammals. Here, we review recent advances on the generation, distribution, and function of 5hmC modification in mammals and discuss its potential roles in plants.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2017.00100/full5-hydroxymethylcytosineDNA hydroxylationDNA demethylationTET proteinsepigenetics |
| spellingShingle | Dong-Qiao Shi Iftikhar Ali Jun Tang Wei-Cai Yang New Insights into 5hmC DNA Modification: Generation, Distribution and Function Frontiers in Genetics 5-hydroxymethylcytosine DNA hydroxylation DNA demethylation TET proteins epigenetics |
| title | New Insights into 5hmC DNA Modification: Generation, Distribution and Function |
| title_full | New Insights into 5hmC DNA Modification: Generation, Distribution and Function |
| title_fullStr | New Insights into 5hmC DNA Modification: Generation, Distribution and Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Insights into 5hmC DNA Modification: Generation, Distribution and Function |
| title_short | New Insights into 5hmC DNA Modification: Generation, Distribution and Function |
| title_sort | new insights into 5hmc dna modification generation distribution and function |
| topic | 5-hydroxymethylcytosine DNA hydroxylation DNA demethylation TET proteins epigenetics |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2017.00100/full |
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