Rapid improvement in soil health following the conversion of abandoned farm fields to annual or perennial agroecosystems
Incorporating perennial crops into agroecosystems has been shown to mitigate soil degradation and improve soil health by enhancing soil aggregation and soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual. However, our understanding of the ability and timeframe for perennial crop systems to build soil health within th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.1010298/full |
| _version_ | 1811344550278463488 |
|---|---|
| author | Lucas A. Chamberlain Lucas A. Chamberlain Teresa Aguayo Nyree J. C. Zerega Nyree J. C. Zerega Ray Dybzinski Louise M. Egerton-Warburton Louise M. Egerton-Warburton |
| author_facet | Lucas A. Chamberlain Lucas A. Chamberlain Teresa Aguayo Nyree J. C. Zerega Nyree J. C. Zerega Ray Dybzinski Louise M. Egerton-Warburton Louise M. Egerton-Warburton |
| author_sort | Lucas A. Chamberlain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Incorporating perennial crops into agroecosystems has been shown to mitigate soil degradation and improve soil health by enhancing soil aggregation and soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual. However, our understanding of the ability and timeframe for perennial crop systems to build soil health within the context of conversion from abandoned crop land remains limited. Here, we examined changes in soil health in the first year following the conversion of an abandoned crop field into an agroecosystem planted with various treatments, including: novel perennial grain (intermediate wheatgrass, IWG; Thinopyrum intermedium), IWG/ alfalfa biculture, forage grass, tallgrass prairie, or annual wheat. We analyzed factors considered central to the concept of mitigating soil degradation to improve soil health (soil aggregation, aggregate organic carbon (OC), bulk SOC) and their soil biological and physicochemical correlates throughout the first growing season. Comparisons between treatments showed that both annual and perennial treatments rapidly and significantly improved soil health metrics including aggregation, aggregate stability, and OC levels compared to pre-conversion conditions. Such increases were positively correlated with the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF hyphae, root colonization), labile SOC and microbial activity. Notably, IWG/ alfalfa biculture resulted in significantly higher levels of macroaggregate OC in comparison to other treatments, including tallgrass prairie, supporting the potential of perennial grasses to contribute to soil carbon gains. Overall, the conversion of this abandoned land to an agroecosystem produced rapid and substantial increases in soil health in the first year after planting. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T19:49:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2c8dea09e5b24e53b11d606edb1a90d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-581X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T19:49:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-2c8dea09e5b24e53b11d606edb1a90d02022-12-22T02:32:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems2571-581X2022-10-01610.3389/fsufs.2022.10102981010298Rapid improvement in soil health following the conversion of abandoned farm fields to annual or perennial agroecosystemsLucas A. Chamberlain0Lucas A. Chamberlain1Teresa Aguayo2Nyree J. C. Zerega3Nyree J. C. Zerega4Ray Dybzinski5Louise M. Egerton-Warburton6Louise M. Egerton-Warburton7Plant Biology and Conservation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United StatesChicago Botanic Garden, Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Glencoe, IL, United StatesDepartment of Biology, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, United StatesPlant Biology and Conservation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United StatesChicago Botanic Garden, Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Glencoe, IL, United StatesSchool of Environmental Sustainability, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United StatesPlant Biology and Conservation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United StatesChicago Botanic Garden, Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Glencoe, IL, United StatesIncorporating perennial crops into agroecosystems has been shown to mitigate soil degradation and improve soil health by enhancing soil aggregation and soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual. However, our understanding of the ability and timeframe for perennial crop systems to build soil health within the context of conversion from abandoned crop land remains limited. Here, we examined changes in soil health in the first year following the conversion of an abandoned crop field into an agroecosystem planted with various treatments, including: novel perennial grain (intermediate wheatgrass, IWG; Thinopyrum intermedium), IWG/ alfalfa biculture, forage grass, tallgrass prairie, or annual wheat. We analyzed factors considered central to the concept of mitigating soil degradation to improve soil health (soil aggregation, aggregate organic carbon (OC), bulk SOC) and their soil biological and physicochemical correlates throughout the first growing season. Comparisons between treatments showed that both annual and perennial treatments rapidly and significantly improved soil health metrics including aggregation, aggregate stability, and OC levels compared to pre-conversion conditions. Such increases were positively correlated with the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF hyphae, root colonization), labile SOC and microbial activity. Notably, IWG/ alfalfa biculture resulted in significantly higher levels of macroaggregate OC in comparison to other treatments, including tallgrass prairie, supporting the potential of perennial grasses to contribute to soil carbon gains. Overall, the conversion of this abandoned land to an agroecosystem produced rapid and substantial increases in soil health in the first year after planting.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.1010298/fullagroecosystemintermediate wheatgrasssoil organic carbonsoil aggregationarbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
| spellingShingle | Lucas A. Chamberlain Lucas A. Chamberlain Teresa Aguayo Nyree J. C. Zerega Nyree J. C. Zerega Ray Dybzinski Louise M. Egerton-Warburton Louise M. Egerton-Warburton Rapid improvement in soil health following the conversion of abandoned farm fields to annual or perennial agroecosystems Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems agroecosystem intermediate wheatgrass soil organic carbon soil aggregation arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
| title | Rapid improvement in soil health following the conversion of abandoned farm fields to annual or perennial agroecosystems |
| title_full | Rapid improvement in soil health following the conversion of abandoned farm fields to annual or perennial agroecosystems |
| title_fullStr | Rapid improvement in soil health following the conversion of abandoned farm fields to annual or perennial agroecosystems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rapid improvement in soil health following the conversion of abandoned farm fields to annual or perennial agroecosystems |
| title_short | Rapid improvement in soil health following the conversion of abandoned farm fields to annual or perennial agroecosystems |
| title_sort | rapid improvement in soil health following the conversion of abandoned farm fields to annual or perennial agroecosystems |
| topic | agroecosystem intermediate wheatgrass soil organic carbon soil aggregation arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.1010298/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lucasachamberlain rapidimprovementinsoilhealthfollowingtheconversionofabandonedfarmfieldstoannualorperennialagroecosystems AT lucasachamberlain rapidimprovementinsoilhealthfollowingtheconversionofabandonedfarmfieldstoannualorperennialagroecosystems AT teresaaguayo rapidimprovementinsoilhealthfollowingtheconversionofabandonedfarmfieldstoannualorperennialagroecosystems AT nyreejczerega rapidimprovementinsoilhealthfollowingtheconversionofabandonedfarmfieldstoannualorperennialagroecosystems AT nyreejczerega rapidimprovementinsoilhealthfollowingtheconversionofabandonedfarmfieldstoannualorperennialagroecosystems AT raydybzinski rapidimprovementinsoilhealthfollowingtheconversionofabandonedfarmfieldstoannualorperennialagroecosystems AT louisemegertonwarburton rapidimprovementinsoilhealthfollowingtheconversionofabandonedfarmfieldstoannualorperennialagroecosystems AT louisemegertonwarburton rapidimprovementinsoilhealthfollowingtheconversionofabandonedfarmfieldstoannualorperennialagroecosystems |