Wealth Redistribution and Mutual Aid: Comparison Using Equivalent/Non-Equivalent Exchange Models of Econophysics
Given wealth inequality worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify the mode of wealth exchange through which it arises. To address the research gap regarding models that combine equivalent exchange and redistribution, this study compares an equivalent market exchange with redistribution based on...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/2/224 |
| _version_ | 1797621149155196928 |
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| author | Takeshi Kato |
| author_facet | Takeshi Kato |
| author_sort | Takeshi Kato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Given wealth inequality worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify the mode of wealth exchange through which it arises. To address the research gap regarding models that combine equivalent exchange and redistribution, this study compares an equivalent market exchange with redistribution based on power centers and a non-equivalent exchange with mutual aid using the Polanyi, Graeber, and Karatani modes of exchange. Two new exchange models based on multi-agent interactions are reconstructed following an econophysics-based approach for evaluating the Gini index (inequality) and total exchange (economic flow). Exchange simulations indicate that the evaluation parameter of the total exchange divided by the Gini index can be expressed by the same saturated curvilinear approximate equation using the wealth transfer rate and time period of redistribution, the surplus contribution rate of the wealthy, and the saving rate. However, considering the coercion of taxes and its associated costs and independence based on the morality of mutual aid, a non-equivalent exchange without return obligation is preferred. This is oriented toward Graeber’s baseline communism and Karatani’s mode of exchange D, with implications for alternatives to the capitalist economy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:51:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2ca6322a80134157b7457c5f9868995b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:51:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-2ca6322a80134157b7457c5f9868995b2023-11-16T20:22:32ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002023-01-0125222410.3390/e25020224Wealth Redistribution and Mutual Aid: Comparison Using Equivalent/Non-Equivalent Exchange Models of EconophysicsTakeshi Kato0Kyoto University Laboratory, Open Innovation Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, JapanGiven wealth inequality worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify the mode of wealth exchange through which it arises. To address the research gap regarding models that combine equivalent exchange and redistribution, this study compares an equivalent market exchange with redistribution based on power centers and a non-equivalent exchange with mutual aid using the Polanyi, Graeber, and Karatani modes of exchange. Two new exchange models based on multi-agent interactions are reconstructed following an econophysics-based approach for evaluating the Gini index (inequality) and total exchange (economic flow). Exchange simulations indicate that the evaluation parameter of the total exchange divided by the Gini index can be expressed by the same saturated curvilinear approximate equation using the wealth transfer rate and time period of redistribution, the surplus contribution rate of the wealthy, and the saving rate. However, considering the coercion of taxes and its associated costs and independence based on the morality of mutual aid, a non-equivalent exchange without return obligation is preferred. This is oriented toward Graeber’s baseline communism and Karatani’s mode of exchange D, with implications for alternatives to the capitalist economy.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/2/224inequalities and wealth redistributiontaxes and redistributionmutual aidequivalent exchangenon-equivalent exchangemarkets |
| spellingShingle | Takeshi Kato Wealth Redistribution and Mutual Aid: Comparison Using Equivalent/Non-Equivalent Exchange Models of Econophysics Entropy inequalities and wealth redistribution taxes and redistribution mutual aid equivalent exchange non-equivalent exchange markets |
| title | Wealth Redistribution and Mutual Aid: Comparison Using Equivalent/Non-Equivalent Exchange Models of Econophysics |
| title_full | Wealth Redistribution and Mutual Aid: Comparison Using Equivalent/Non-Equivalent Exchange Models of Econophysics |
| title_fullStr | Wealth Redistribution and Mutual Aid: Comparison Using Equivalent/Non-Equivalent Exchange Models of Econophysics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wealth Redistribution and Mutual Aid: Comparison Using Equivalent/Non-Equivalent Exchange Models of Econophysics |
| title_short | Wealth Redistribution and Mutual Aid: Comparison Using Equivalent/Non-Equivalent Exchange Models of Econophysics |
| title_sort | wealth redistribution and mutual aid comparison using equivalent non equivalent exchange models of econophysics |
| topic | inequalities and wealth redistribution taxes and redistribution mutual aid equivalent exchange non-equivalent exchange markets |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/2/224 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT takeshikato wealthredistributionandmutualaidcomparisonusingequivalentnonequivalentexchangemodelsofeconophysics |