Clinicopathological Study of Thyroid Swellings with Some Emphasis on Geographical and Community Distribution: A Hospital Based Analysis
Introduction: Thyroid swellings/goiter are still prevalent in north east part of India. Apart from its sub-Himalayan location the areas along the river Brahmaputra suffer from flooding every year and there is also frequent changing of river course, thought to be another reason for iodine depletion i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West Bengal
2016-08-01
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| Series: | Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://bjohns.in/journal3/index.php/bjohns/article/view/80 |
| _version_ | 1797284700357656576 |
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| author | Kusum Borsaikia Mukul Patar |
| author_facet | Kusum Borsaikia Mukul Patar |
| author_sort | Kusum Borsaikia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Thyroid swellings/goiter are still prevalent in north east part of India. Apart from its sub-Himalayan location the areas along the river Brahmaputra suffer from flooding every year and there is also frequent changing of river course, thought to be another reason for iodine depletion in soil of this region(3).
Aim: To determine the incidence of thyroid swellings and distribution among different sections of society and geographical areas, and to evaluate the role of FNAC in the diagnosis and management and find out its accuracy by comparing with histopathology.
Materials and methods: In the present study, total 212 patients with thyroid swellings attending department of ENT of a state medical college during the period from January 2013 to December 2015 and undergone FNAC at department of Pathology were taken into consideration.
Results: Out of 212 cases major fraction (52.83%) were hailed from areas along the Brahmaputra river followed by patients (33.96%) from tea gardens and adjacent areas. Patients belonging to tribal communities constituted 45.28%, whereas patients from tea workers section of society formed the second majority (34.9%). Female male ratio of cases was 5:1. Majority of patients were from 21-40 years age group with mean age of 37.2 years. Cytology results of 212 cases showed colloid goiter 73.58%, adenomatous goiter 8.49%, thyroiditis 9.9%, hurthle cell neoplasm 1.41%, follicular neoplasm 4.24%, papillary carcinoma 1.41%, papillary carcinoma of follicular variant 0.47% and medullary carcinoma in 0.47% cases. Histopathology was possible in 65 cases and compared with FNAC results with accuracy rate of 89.23%.
Conclusion: Frequent flooding and changes of river course may be one of the reasons for high prevalence of thyroid swellings and goiter along the Brahmaputra valley apart from its sub-Himalayan location. Consumption polluted drinking water and goitergenous food stuffs may be another reason of high incidence. FNAC is an easy, rapid, reliable, less invasive, low cost technique for diagnosis of thyroid swellings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T17:52:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2cadb2d42c4c426d9efb81068ee0e3bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2395-2407 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T17:52:32Z |
| publishDate | 2016-08-01 |
| publisher | The Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West Bengal |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery |
| spelling | doaj.art-2cadb2d42c4c426d9efb81068ee0e3bd2024-03-02T13:41:36ZengThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-24072016-08-0124210.47210/bjohns.2016.v24i2.80Clinicopathological Study of Thyroid Swellings with Some Emphasis on Geographical and Community Distribution: A Hospital Based AnalysisKusum Borsaikia0Mukul Patar1Jorhat Medical College and Hospital Jail road, Jorhat, Assam Pin: 785001Silchar Medical College Silchar, AssamIntroduction: Thyroid swellings/goiter are still prevalent in north east part of India. Apart from its sub-Himalayan location the areas along the river Brahmaputra suffer from flooding every year and there is also frequent changing of river course, thought to be another reason for iodine depletion in soil of this region(3). Aim: To determine the incidence of thyroid swellings and distribution among different sections of society and geographical areas, and to evaluate the role of FNAC in the diagnosis and management and find out its accuracy by comparing with histopathology. Materials and methods: In the present study, total 212 patients with thyroid swellings attending department of ENT of a state medical college during the period from January 2013 to December 2015 and undergone FNAC at department of Pathology were taken into consideration. Results: Out of 212 cases major fraction (52.83%) were hailed from areas along the Brahmaputra river followed by patients (33.96%) from tea gardens and adjacent areas. Patients belonging to tribal communities constituted 45.28%, whereas patients from tea workers section of society formed the second majority (34.9%). Female male ratio of cases was 5:1. Majority of patients were from 21-40 years age group with mean age of 37.2 years. Cytology results of 212 cases showed colloid goiter 73.58%, adenomatous goiter 8.49%, thyroiditis 9.9%, hurthle cell neoplasm 1.41%, follicular neoplasm 4.24%, papillary carcinoma 1.41%, papillary carcinoma of follicular variant 0.47% and medullary carcinoma in 0.47% cases. Histopathology was possible in 65 cases and compared with FNAC results with accuracy rate of 89.23%. Conclusion: Frequent flooding and changes of river course may be one of the reasons for high prevalence of thyroid swellings and goiter along the Brahmaputra valley apart from its sub-Himalayan location. Consumption polluted drinking water and goitergenous food stuffs may be another reason of high incidence. FNAC is an easy, rapid, reliable, less invasive, low cost technique for diagnosis of thyroid swellings.https://bjohns.in/journal3/index.php/bjohns/article/view/80GoiterThyroid NeoplasmsIncidenceAspiration Biopsy, Fine-NeedleDrinking WaterIodine |
| spellingShingle | Kusum Borsaikia Mukul Patar Clinicopathological Study of Thyroid Swellings with Some Emphasis on Geographical and Community Distribution: A Hospital Based Analysis Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery Goiter Thyroid Neoplasms Incidence Aspiration Biopsy, Fine-Needle Drinking Water Iodine |
| title | Clinicopathological Study of Thyroid Swellings with Some Emphasis on Geographical and Community Distribution: A Hospital Based Analysis |
| title_full | Clinicopathological Study of Thyroid Swellings with Some Emphasis on Geographical and Community Distribution: A Hospital Based Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Clinicopathological Study of Thyroid Swellings with Some Emphasis on Geographical and Community Distribution: A Hospital Based Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinicopathological Study of Thyroid Swellings with Some Emphasis on Geographical and Community Distribution: A Hospital Based Analysis |
| title_short | Clinicopathological Study of Thyroid Swellings with Some Emphasis on Geographical and Community Distribution: A Hospital Based Analysis |
| title_sort | clinicopathological study of thyroid swellings with some emphasis on geographical and community distribution a hospital based analysis |
| topic | Goiter Thyroid Neoplasms Incidence Aspiration Biopsy, Fine-Needle Drinking Water Iodine |
| url | https://bjohns.in/journal3/index.php/bjohns/article/view/80 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kusumborsaikia clinicopathologicalstudyofthyroidswellingswithsomeemphasisongeographicalandcommunitydistributionahospitalbasedanalysis AT mukulpatar clinicopathologicalstudyofthyroidswellingswithsomeemphasisongeographicalandcommunitydistributionahospitalbasedanalysis |