Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid
Tea and coffee are consumed worldwide and epidemiological and clinical studies have shown their health beneficial effects, including anti-cancer effects. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are the major components of green tea polyphenols and coffee polyphenols, respectively,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-10-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/19/4553 |
| _version_ | 1797551751857963008 |
|---|---|
| author | Sumio Hayakawa Tomokazu Ohishi Noriyuki Miyoshi Yumiko Oishi Yoriyuki Nakamura Mamoru Isemura |
| author_facet | Sumio Hayakawa Tomokazu Ohishi Noriyuki Miyoshi Yumiko Oishi Yoriyuki Nakamura Mamoru Isemura |
| author_sort | Sumio Hayakawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tea and coffee are consumed worldwide and epidemiological and clinical studies have shown their health beneficial effects, including anti-cancer effects. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are the major components of green tea polyphenols and coffee polyphenols, respectively, and believed to be responsible for most of these effects. Although a large number of cell-based and animal experiments have provided convincing evidence to support the anti-cancer effects of green tea, coffee, EGCG, and CGA, human studies are still controversial and some studies have suggested even an increased risk for certain types of cancers such as esophageal and gynecological cancers with green tea consumption and bladder and lung cancers with coffee consumption. The reason for these inconsistent results may have been arisen from various confounding factors. Cell-based and animal studies have proposed several mechanisms whereby EGCG and CGA exert their anti-cancer effects. These components appear to share the common mechanisms, among which one related to reactive oxygen species is perhaps the most attractive. Meanwhile, EGCG and CGA have also different target molecules which might explain the site-specific differences of anti-cancer effects found in human studies. Further studies will be necessary to clarify what is the mechanism to cause such differences between green tea and coffee. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:49:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2cb5c82d98884ecfad4ba21f1be07717 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:49:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-2cb5c82d98884ecfad4ba21f1be077172023-11-20T16:07:20ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-10-012519455310.3390/molecules25194553Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic AcidSumio Hayakawa0Tomokazu Ohishi1Noriyuki Miyoshi2Yumiko Oishi3Yoriyuki Nakamura4Mamoru Isemura5Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, JapanInstitute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shizuoka 410-0301, JapanSchool of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, JapanDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, JapanSchool of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, JapanSchool of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, JapanTea and coffee are consumed worldwide and epidemiological and clinical studies have shown their health beneficial effects, including anti-cancer effects. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are the major components of green tea polyphenols and coffee polyphenols, respectively, and believed to be responsible for most of these effects. Although a large number of cell-based and animal experiments have provided convincing evidence to support the anti-cancer effects of green tea, coffee, EGCG, and CGA, human studies are still controversial and some studies have suggested even an increased risk for certain types of cancers such as esophageal and gynecological cancers with green tea consumption and bladder and lung cancers with coffee consumption. The reason for these inconsistent results may have been arisen from various confounding factors. Cell-based and animal studies have proposed several mechanisms whereby EGCG and CGA exert their anti-cancer effects. These components appear to share the common mechanisms, among which one related to reactive oxygen species is perhaps the most attractive. Meanwhile, EGCG and CGA have also different target molecules which might explain the site-specific differences of anti-cancer effects found in human studies. Further studies will be necessary to clarify what is the mechanism to cause such differences between green tea and coffee.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/19/4553cancerteacoffeeEGCGchlorogenic acidROS |
| spellingShingle | Sumio Hayakawa Tomokazu Ohishi Noriyuki Miyoshi Yumiko Oishi Yoriyuki Nakamura Mamoru Isemura Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid Molecules cancer tea coffee EGCG chlorogenic acid ROS |
| title | Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid |
| title_full | Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid |
| title_fullStr | Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid |
| title_short | Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid |
| title_sort | anti cancer effects of green tea epigallocatchin 3 gallate and coffee chlorogenic acid |
| topic | cancer tea coffee EGCG chlorogenic acid ROS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/19/4553 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sumiohayakawa anticancereffectsofgreenteaepigallocatchin3gallateandcoffeechlorogenicacid AT tomokazuohishi anticancereffectsofgreenteaepigallocatchin3gallateandcoffeechlorogenicacid AT noriyukimiyoshi anticancereffectsofgreenteaepigallocatchin3gallateandcoffeechlorogenicacid AT yumikooishi anticancereffectsofgreenteaepigallocatchin3gallateandcoffeechlorogenicacid AT yoriyukinakamura anticancereffectsofgreenteaepigallocatchin3gallateandcoffeechlorogenicacid AT mamoruisemura anticancereffectsofgreenteaepigallocatchin3gallateandcoffeechlorogenicacid |