Stability Assessment of the Slopes of an Oceanside Coral Limestone Quarry under Drawdown Condition of Semidiurnal Ocean Tides
Vipingo quarry in Kilifi county, Kenya, is one of the quarries supplying coral limestone for limestone manufacturing in the coastal region. Due to its close proximity to the Indian ocean, the semidiurnal ocean tides tend to have an influence on the stability of the quarry slopes adjacent to the shor...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Mining |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6489/2/3/32 |
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| author | Joan Atieno Onyango Takashi Sasaoka Hideki Shimada Akihiro Hamanaka Dyson Moses |
| author_facet | Joan Atieno Onyango Takashi Sasaoka Hideki Shimada Akihiro Hamanaka Dyson Moses |
| author_sort | Joan Atieno Onyango |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vipingo quarry in Kilifi county, Kenya, is one of the quarries supplying coral limestone for limestone manufacturing in the coastal region. Due to its close proximity to the Indian ocean, the semidiurnal ocean tides tend to have an influence on the stability of the quarry slopes adjacent to the shoreline. Finite element numerical analysis using the generalized Hoek–Brown criterion is conducted to assess the stability condition of the slopes followed by slope-angle optimization to determine the safest overall slope angle as well as analyzing the stability of the slopes due to action of varying ocean tides. The optimum overall slope angles for various excavation depths are found to be 52° for 20 m, 46° for 30 m, 42° for 40 m, and 39° for 50 m, which are the same even with varying distance of the slope face from the shoreline. A parametric analysis shows that there is no significant effect of the tides on slope stability for excavations above the water table, but as the quarry gets deeper, the slope stability is affected. A sensitivity factor (ζ) is introduced, being a measure of how much the slope safety factor is reduced as a result of the semidiurnal tidal action. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:03:44Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-6489 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:03:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| series | Mining |
| spelling | doaj.art-2cd319f1f71044bc8175bc68056902962023-11-23T17:56:58ZengMDPI AGMining2673-64892022-09-012358961510.3390/mining2030032Stability Assessment of the Slopes of an Oceanside Coral Limestone Quarry under Drawdown Condition of Semidiurnal Ocean TidesJoan Atieno Onyango0Takashi Sasaoka1Hideki Shimada2Akihiro Hamanaka3Dyson Moses4Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanDepartment of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanDepartment of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanDepartment of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanDepartment of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanVipingo quarry in Kilifi county, Kenya, is one of the quarries supplying coral limestone for limestone manufacturing in the coastal region. Due to its close proximity to the Indian ocean, the semidiurnal ocean tides tend to have an influence on the stability of the quarry slopes adjacent to the shoreline. Finite element numerical analysis using the generalized Hoek–Brown criterion is conducted to assess the stability condition of the slopes followed by slope-angle optimization to determine the safest overall slope angle as well as analyzing the stability of the slopes due to action of varying ocean tides. The optimum overall slope angles for various excavation depths are found to be 52° for 20 m, 46° for 30 m, 42° for 40 m, and 39° for 50 m, which are the same even with varying distance of the slope face from the shoreline. A parametric analysis shows that there is no significant effect of the tides on slope stability for excavations above the water table, but as the quarry gets deeper, the slope stability is affected. A sensitivity factor (ζ) is introduced, being a measure of how much the slope safety factor is reduced as a result of the semidiurnal tidal action.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6489/2/3/32slope stabilityfinite element analysisgeneralized Hoek–Brown criterionsemidiurnal ocean tidessensitivity factor |
| spellingShingle | Joan Atieno Onyango Takashi Sasaoka Hideki Shimada Akihiro Hamanaka Dyson Moses Stability Assessment of the Slopes of an Oceanside Coral Limestone Quarry under Drawdown Condition of Semidiurnal Ocean Tides Mining slope stability finite element analysis generalized Hoek–Brown criterion semidiurnal ocean tides sensitivity factor |
| title | Stability Assessment of the Slopes of an Oceanside Coral Limestone Quarry under Drawdown Condition of Semidiurnal Ocean Tides |
| title_full | Stability Assessment of the Slopes of an Oceanside Coral Limestone Quarry under Drawdown Condition of Semidiurnal Ocean Tides |
| title_fullStr | Stability Assessment of the Slopes of an Oceanside Coral Limestone Quarry under Drawdown Condition of Semidiurnal Ocean Tides |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stability Assessment of the Slopes of an Oceanside Coral Limestone Quarry under Drawdown Condition of Semidiurnal Ocean Tides |
| title_short | Stability Assessment of the Slopes of an Oceanside Coral Limestone Quarry under Drawdown Condition of Semidiurnal Ocean Tides |
| title_sort | stability assessment of the slopes of an oceanside coral limestone quarry under drawdown condition of semidiurnal ocean tides |
| topic | slope stability finite element analysis generalized Hoek–Brown criterion semidiurnal ocean tides sensitivity factor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6489/2/3/32 |
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