Associations of unilateral whisker and olfactory signals induce synapse formation and memory cell recruitment in bilateral barrel cortices: cellular mechanism for unilateral training toward bilateral memory
Somatosensory signals and operative skills learned by unilateral limbs can be retrieved bilaterally. In terms of cellular mechanism underlying this unilateral learning toward bilateral memory, we hypothesized that associative memory cells in bilateral cortices and synapse innervations between them w...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2016.00285/full |
| _version_ | 1829116725846605824 |
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| author | Zilong Gao Zilong Gao Lei Chen Ruicheng Fan Wei Lu Dangui Wang Shan Cui Li Huang Shidi Zhao Sudong Guan Yan Zhu Jin-Hui Wang Jin-Hui Wang Jin-Hui Wang Jin-Hui Wang |
| author_facet | Zilong Gao Zilong Gao Lei Chen Ruicheng Fan Wei Lu Dangui Wang Shan Cui Li Huang Shidi Zhao Sudong Guan Yan Zhu Jin-Hui Wang Jin-Hui Wang Jin-Hui Wang Jin-Hui Wang |
| author_sort | Zilong Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Somatosensory signals and operative skills learned by unilateral limbs can be retrieved bilaterally. In terms of cellular mechanism underlying this unilateral learning toward bilateral memory, we hypothesized that associative memory cells in bilateral cortices and synapse innervations between them were produced. In the examination of this hypothesis, we have observed that paired unilateral whisker and odor stimulations led to odorant-induced whisker motions in bilateral sides, which were attenuated by inhibiting the activity of barrel cortices. In the mice that showed bilateral cross-modal responses, the neurons in both sides of barrel cortices became to encode this new odor signal alongside the innate whisker signal. Axon projections and synapse formations from the barrel cortex, which was co-activated with the piriform cortex, toward its contralateral barrel cortex were upregulated. Glutamatergic synaptic transmission in bilateral barrel cortices was upregulated and GABAergic synaptic transmission was downregulated. The associative activations of the sensory cortices facilitate new axon projection, glutamatergic synapse formation and GABAergic synapse downregulation, which drive the neurons to be recruited as associative memory cells in the bilateral cortices. Our data reveals the productions of associative memory cells and synapse innervations in bilateral sensory cortices for unilateral training toward bilateral memory. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:40:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2cd42a0169414b3ba3d4cf9da991c895 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5102 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:40:20Z |
| publishDate | 2016-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-2cd42a0169414b3ba3d4cf9da991c8952022-12-22T00:18:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022016-12-011010.3389/fncel.2016.00285234070Associations of unilateral whisker and olfactory signals induce synapse formation and memory cell recruitment in bilateral barrel cortices: cellular mechanism for unilateral training toward bilateral memoryZilong Gao0Zilong Gao1Lei Chen2Ruicheng Fan3Wei Lu4Dangui Wang5Shan Cui6Li Huang7Shidi Zhao8Sudong Guan9Yan Zhu10Jin-Hui Wang11Jin-Hui Wang12Jin-Hui Wang13Jin-Hui Wang14Institute of Biophysics, CASUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBengbu Medical College, BengbuBengbu Medical College, BengbuQingdao UniversityInstitute of Biophysics, CASInstitute of Biophysics, CASBengbu Medical College, BengbuBengbu Medical College, BengbuBengbu Medical College, BengbuBengbu Medical College, BengbuInstitute of Biophysics, CASUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBengbu Medical College, BengbuQingdao UniversitySomatosensory signals and operative skills learned by unilateral limbs can be retrieved bilaterally. In terms of cellular mechanism underlying this unilateral learning toward bilateral memory, we hypothesized that associative memory cells in bilateral cortices and synapse innervations between them were produced. In the examination of this hypothesis, we have observed that paired unilateral whisker and odor stimulations led to odorant-induced whisker motions in bilateral sides, which were attenuated by inhibiting the activity of barrel cortices. In the mice that showed bilateral cross-modal responses, the neurons in both sides of barrel cortices became to encode this new odor signal alongside the innate whisker signal. Axon projections and synapse formations from the barrel cortex, which was co-activated with the piriform cortex, toward its contralateral barrel cortex were upregulated. Glutamatergic synaptic transmission in bilateral barrel cortices was upregulated and GABAergic synaptic transmission was downregulated. The associative activations of the sensory cortices facilitate new axon projection, glutamatergic synapse formation and GABAergic synapse downregulation, which drive the neurons to be recruited as associative memory cells in the bilateral cortices. Our data reveals the productions of associative memory cells and synapse innervations in bilateral sensory cortices for unilateral training toward bilateral memory.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2016.00285/fullLearningMemorybarrel cortexGABAGlutamateNeuron |
| spellingShingle | Zilong Gao Zilong Gao Lei Chen Ruicheng Fan Wei Lu Dangui Wang Shan Cui Li Huang Shidi Zhao Sudong Guan Yan Zhu Jin-Hui Wang Jin-Hui Wang Jin-Hui Wang Jin-Hui Wang Associations of unilateral whisker and olfactory signals induce synapse formation and memory cell recruitment in bilateral barrel cortices: cellular mechanism for unilateral training toward bilateral memory Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience Learning Memory barrel cortex GABA Glutamate Neuron |
| title | Associations of unilateral whisker and olfactory signals induce synapse formation and memory cell recruitment in bilateral barrel cortices: cellular mechanism for unilateral training toward bilateral memory |
| title_full | Associations of unilateral whisker and olfactory signals induce synapse formation and memory cell recruitment in bilateral barrel cortices: cellular mechanism for unilateral training toward bilateral memory |
| title_fullStr | Associations of unilateral whisker and olfactory signals induce synapse formation and memory cell recruitment in bilateral barrel cortices: cellular mechanism for unilateral training toward bilateral memory |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations of unilateral whisker and olfactory signals induce synapse formation and memory cell recruitment in bilateral barrel cortices: cellular mechanism for unilateral training toward bilateral memory |
| title_short | Associations of unilateral whisker and olfactory signals induce synapse formation and memory cell recruitment in bilateral barrel cortices: cellular mechanism for unilateral training toward bilateral memory |
| title_sort | associations of unilateral whisker and olfactory signals induce synapse formation and memory cell recruitment in bilateral barrel cortices cellular mechanism for unilateral training toward bilateral memory |
| topic | Learning Memory barrel cortex GABA Glutamate Neuron |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2016.00285/full |
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