Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) in Uganda
Abstract The intention of this study was to identify the bacterial pathogens infecting Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish), and to establish the antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria in Uganda. A total of 288 fish samples from 40 fish farms (ponds, cage...
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| Format: | Article |
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The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41240-017-0080-x |
| _version_ | 1818349977270747136 |
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| author | S. P. Wamala K. K. Mugimba S. Mutoloki Ø. Evensen R. Mdegela D. K. Byarugaba H. Sørum |
| author_facet | S. P. Wamala K. K. Mugimba S. Mutoloki Ø. Evensen R. Mdegela D. K. Byarugaba H. Sørum |
| author_sort | S. P. Wamala |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The intention of this study was to identify the bacterial pathogens infecting Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish), and to establish the antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria in Uganda. A total of 288 fish samples from 40 fish farms (ponds, cages, and tanks) and 8 wild water sites were aseptically collected and bacteria isolated from the head kidney, liver, brain and spleen. The isolates were identified by their morphological characteristics, conventional biochemical tests and Analytical Profile Index test kits. Antibiotic susceptibility of selected bacteria was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The following well-known fish pathogens were identified at a farm prevalence of; Aeromonas hydrophila (43.8%), Aeromonas sobria (20.8%), Edwardsiella tarda (8.3%), Flavobacterium spp. (4.2%) and Streptococcus spp. (6.3%). Other bacteria with varying significance as fish pathogens were also identified including Plesiomonas shigelloides (25.0%), Chryseobacterium indoligenes (12.5%), Pseudomonas fluorescens (10.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.2%), Pseudomonas stutzeri (2.1%), Vibrio cholerae (10.4%), Proteus spp. (6.3%), Citrobacter spp. (4.2%), Klebsiella spp. (4.2%) Serratia marcescens (4.2%), Burkholderia cepacia (2.1%), Comamonas testosteroni (8.3%) and Ralstonia picketti (2.1%). Aeromonas spp., Edwardsiella tarda and Streptococcus spp. were commonly isolated from diseased fish. Aeromonas spp. (n = 82) and Plesiomonas shigelloides (n = 73) were evaluated for antibiotic susceptibility. All isolates tested were susceptible to at-least ten (10) of the fourteen antibiotics evaluated. High levels of resistance were however expressed by all isolates to penicillin, oxacillin and ampicillin. This observed resistance is most probably intrinsic to those bacteria, suggesting minimal levels of acquired antibiotic resistance in fish bacteria from the study area. To our knowledge, this is the first study to establish the occurrence of several bacteria species infecting fish; and to determine antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria in Uganda. The current study provides baseline information for future reference and fish disease management in the country. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T18:14:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2cd81b0561884641aecd366f4cc0b8ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-1757 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T18:14:31Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science |
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| series | Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-2cd81b0561884641aecd366f4cc0b8ba2022-12-21T23:35:52ZengThe Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic ScienceFisheries and Aquatic Sciences2234-17572018-02-0121111010.1186/s41240-017-0080-xOccurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) in UgandaS. P. Wamala0K. K. Mugimba1S. Mutoloki2Ø. Evensen3R. Mdegela4D. K. Byarugaba5H. Sørum6Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineNorwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineNorwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineNorwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary and Medical Sciences, Sokoine University of AgricultureCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere UniversityNorwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAbstract The intention of this study was to identify the bacterial pathogens infecting Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish), and to establish the antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria in Uganda. A total of 288 fish samples from 40 fish farms (ponds, cages, and tanks) and 8 wild water sites were aseptically collected and bacteria isolated from the head kidney, liver, brain and spleen. The isolates were identified by their morphological characteristics, conventional biochemical tests and Analytical Profile Index test kits. Antibiotic susceptibility of selected bacteria was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The following well-known fish pathogens were identified at a farm prevalence of; Aeromonas hydrophila (43.8%), Aeromonas sobria (20.8%), Edwardsiella tarda (8.3%), Flavobacterium spp. (4.2%) and Streptococcus spp. (6.3%). Other bacteria with varying significance as fish pathogens were also identified including Plesiomonas shigelloides (25.0%), Chryseobacterium indoligenes (12.5%), Pseudomonas fluorescens (10.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.2%), Pseudomonas stutzeri (2.1%), Vibrio cholerae (10.4%), Proteus spp. (6.3%), Citrobacter spp. (4.2%), Klebsiella spp. (4.2%) Serratia marcescens (4.2%), Burkholderia cepacia (2.1%), Comamonas testosteroni (8.3%) and Ralstonia picketti (2.1%). Aeromonas spp., Edwardsiella tarda and Streptococcus spp. were commonly isolated from diseased fish. Aeromonas spp. (n = 82) and Plesiomonas shigelloides (n = 73) were evaluated for antibiotic susceptibility. All isolates tested were susceptible to at-least ten (10) of the fourteen antibiotics evaluated. High levels of resistance were however expressed by all isolates to penicillin, oxacillin and ampicillin. This observed resistance is most probably intrinsic to those bacteria, suggesting minimal levels of acquired antibiotic resistance in fish bacteria from the study area. To our knowledge, this is the first study to establish the occurrence of several bacteria species infecting fish; and to determine antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria in Uganda. The current study provides baseline information for future reference and fish disease management in the country.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41240-017-0080-xOreochromis niloticusClarias gariepinusFish bacteriaDiseasesAntibiotic resistanceUganda |
| spellingShingle | S. P. Wamala K. K. Mugimba S. Mutoloki Ø. Evensen R. Mdegela D. K. Byarugaba H. Sørum Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) in Uganda Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Oreochromis niloticus Clarias gariepinus Fish bacteria Diseases Antibiotic resistance Uganda |
| title | Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) in Uganda |
| title_full | Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) in Uganda |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) in Uganda |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) in Uganda |
| title_short | Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) in Uganda |
| title_sort | occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from oreochromis niloticus nile tilapia and clarias gariepinus african catfish in uganda |
| topic | Oreochromis niloticus Clarias gariepinus Fish bacteria Diseases Antibiotic resistance Uganda |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41240-017-0080-x |
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