Closed-loop Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) – cycling rehabilitation with phase control Fuzzy Logic for fatigue reduction control strategies for stroke patients
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) cycling, or FES-Cycling, holds great therapeutic potential for individuals with paralysis, such as those with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury, or stroke, aiming to restore mobility. However, the nonlinear nature of the musculoskeletal system p...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universitas Mercu Buana
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Jurnal Ilmiah SINERGI |
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| Online Access: | https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21231 |
| _version_ | 1797353655482974208 |
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| author | Mohd Khairul Ikhwan Ahmad Abu Ubaidah Shamsudin Zubair Adil Soomro Ruzairi Abdul Rahim Babul Salam KSM Kader Ibrahim Mohammad Saiful Huq |
| author_facet | Mohd Khairul Ikhwan Ahmad Abu Ubaidah Shamsudin Zubair Adil Soomro Ruzairi Abdul Rahim Babul Salam KSM Kader Ibrahim Mohammad Saiful Huq |
| author_sort | Mohd Khairul Ikhwan Ahmad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) cycling, or FES-Cycling, holds great therapeutic potential for individuals with paralysis, such as those with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury, or stroke, aiming to restore mobility. However, the nonlinear nature of the musculoskeletal system poses a significant challenge in controlling FES-Cycling. To address this, an integrated closed-loop phase angle fuzzy-based system was developed. This system offers real-time control by adjusting stimulation intensity (pulse width) within the range of 50 to 200μs while maintaining a constant frequency of 35Hz, thereby ensuring precise pedaling trajectory and cadence patterns. An experimental study involved three healthy individuals (Cases A, B, and C) and one individual with hemiplegia stroke (Case D). Results showed that the proposed system consistently reduced average angle trajectory errors for Cases A, B, and C, with values of 2.6945, 3.2958, and 2.9922 degrees, respectively. Case D, affected by hemiplegia stroke, faced greater challenges and exhibited a higher error of 3.4562 degrees. Fatigue resistance, evaluated through fatigue indices, showed promising results for Cases A, B, and C with values of 0.10778, 0.06866, and 0.04603, respectively. However, Case D experienced higher fatigue (0.2304) due to the unique challenges of hemiplegia stroke. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the proposed control system in optimizing FES-Cycling, particularly for healthy individuals. For individuals with paralysis, like Case D, further research is needed to adapt the system to their specific conditions and cycling patterns. This system holds the potential for enhancing FES-Cycling as a therapeutic strategy and warrants additional investigation and customization for different patient populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:34:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2cf472164eeb488b9ecb3cf6e544ad9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1410-2331 2460-1217 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:34:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Universitas Mercu Buana |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Jurnal Ilmiah SINERGI |
| spelling | doaj.art-2cf472164eeb488b9ecb3cf6e544ad9a2024-01-17T01:17:35ZengUniversitas Mercu BuanaJurnal Ilmiah SINERGI1410-23312460-12172023-12-01281637410.22441/sinergi.2024.1.0076832Closed-loop Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) – cycling rehabilitation with phase control Fuzzy Logic for fatigue reduction control strategies for stroke patientsMohd Khairul Ikhwan Ahmad0Abu Ubaidah Shamsudin1Zubair Adil Soomro2Ruzairi Abdul Rahim3Babul Salam KSM Kader Ibrahim4Mohammad Saiful Huq5Faculty of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaFaculty of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaFaculty of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaFaculty of Electric Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaSchool of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Environment and Computing, Coventry UniversitySchool of Computing and Digital Media, London Metropolitan UniversityFunctional Electrical Stimulation (FES) cycling, or FES-Cycling, holds great therapeutic potential for individuals with paralysis, such as those with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury, or stroke, aiming to restore mobility. However, the nonlinear nature of the musculoskeletal system poses a significant challenge in controlling FES-Cycling. To address this, an integrated closed-loop phase angle fuzzy-based system was developed. This system offers real-time control by adjusting stimulation intensity (pulse width) within the range of 50 to 200μs while maintaining a constant frequency of 35Hz, thereby ensuring precise pedaling trajectory and cadence patterns. An experimental study involved three healthy individuals (Cases A, B, and C) and one individual with hemiplegia stroke (Case D). Results showed that the proposed system consistently reduced average angle trajectory errors for Cases A, B, and C, with values of 2.6945, 3.2958, and 2.9922 degrees, respectively. Case D, affected by hemiplegia stroke, faced greater challenges and exhibited a higher error of 3.4562 degrees. Fatigue resistance, evaluated through fatigue indices, showed promising results for Cases A, B, and C with values of 0.10778, 0.06866, and 0.04603, respectively. However, Case D experienced higher fatigue (0.2304) due to the unique challenges of hemiplegia stroke. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the proposed control system in optimizing FES-Cycling, particularly for healthy individuals. For individuals with paralysis, like Case D, further research is needed to adapt the system to their specific conditions and cycling patterns. This system holds the potential for enhancing FES-Cycling as a therapeutic strategy and warrants additional investigation and customization for different patient populations.https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21231functional electrical stimulation (fes)fuzzy logic controller (flc)phase angle shiftpulse width (pw)spinal cord injury (sci) |
| spellingShingle | Mohd Khairul Ikhwan Ahmad Abu Ubaidah Shamsudin Zubair Adil Soomro Ruzairi Abdul Rahim Babul Salam KSM Kader Ibrahim Mohammad Saiful Huq Closed-loop Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) – cycling rehabilitation with phase control Fuzzy Logic for fatigue reduction control strategies for stroke patients Jurnal Ilmiah SINERGI functional electrical stimulation (fes) fuzzy logic controller (flc) phase angle shift pulse width (pw) spinal cord injury (sci) |
| title | Closed-loop Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) – cycling rehabilitation with phase control Fuzzy Logic for fatigue reduction control strategies for stroke patients |
| title_full | Closed-loop Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) – cycling rehabilitation with phase control Fuzzy Logic for fatigue reduction control strategies for stroke patients |
| title_fullStr | Closed-loop Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) – cycling rehabilitation with phase control Fuzzy Logic for fatigue reduction control strategies for stroke patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Closed-loop Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) – cycling rehabilitation with phase control Fuzzy Logic for fatigue reduction control strategies for stroke patients |
| title_short | Closed-loop Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) – cycling rehabilitation with phase control Fuzzy Logic for fatigue reduction control strategies for stroke patients |
| title_sort | closed loop functional electrical stimulation fes cycling rehabilitation with phase control fuzzy logic for fatigue reduction control strategies for stroke patients |
| topic | functional electrical stimulation (fes) fuzzy logic controller (flc) phase angle shift pulse width (pw) spinal cord injury (sci) |
| url | https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21231 |
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