| Summary: | This article discusses the strategic shifts that the Islamic State (IS) has implemented in order
to survive, especially in what regards its propaganda and military tactics. We argue that – for
a long time now and in both domains – the IS and its predecessors have been flexible and
resilient enough to adapt to new realities on the ground being able to shape and reshape its
strategy and tactics towards its enemies’ capabilities and policies. In terms of propaganda,
despite a decrease of its online presence, the IS has struggled to adapt some of its main
narratives to the new reality brought about by the beginning of the international coalition attacks. However, evidence seems to suggest that the group will likely be able to maintain
its online relevance yet for some time. Regarding its military tactics in Syria and Iraq, history
and current evidence points to a return to its insurgent roots. This seems to be corroborated
by the group’s current increasing resort to terrorism and guerrilla tactics. Lastly, we argue
that it is still premature to either claim the rebirth of the IS or to declare its demise.
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