Inter-Organelle Membrane Contact Sites and Mitochondrial Quality Control during Aging: A Geroscience View
Mitochondrial dysfunction and failing mitochondrial quality control (MQC) are major determinants of aging. Far from being standalone organelles, mitochondria are intricately related with cellular other compartments, including lysosomes. The intimate relationship between mitochondria and lysosomes is...
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/3/598 |
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| author | Anna Picca Riccardo Calvani Hélio José Coelho-Junior Francesco Landi Roberto Bernabei Emanuele Marzetti |
| author_facet | Anna Picca Riccardo Calvani Hélio José Coelho-Junior Francesco Landi Roberto Bernabei Emanuele Marzetti |
| author_sort | Anna Picca |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mitochondrial dysfunction and failing mitochondrial quality control (MQC) are major determinants of aging. Far from being standalone organelles, mitochondria are intricately related with cellular other compartments, including lysosomes. The intimate relationship between mitochondria and lysosomes is reflected by the fact that lysosomal degradation of dysfunctional mitochondria is the final step of mitophagy. Inter-organelle membrane contact sites also allow bidirectional communication between mitochondria and lysosomes as part of nondegradative pathways. This interaction establishes a functional unit that regulates metabolic signaling, mitochondrial dynamics, and, hence, MQC. Contacts of mitochondria with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have also been described. ER-mitochondrial interactions are relevant to Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis, transfer of phospholipid precursors to mitochondria, and integration of apoptotic signaling. Many proteins involved in mitochondrial contact sites with other organelles also participate to degradative MQC pathways. Hence, a comprehensive assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction during aging requires a thorough evaluation of degradative and nondegradative inter-organelle pathways. Here, we present a geroscience overview on (1) degradative MQC pathways, (2) nondegradative processes involving inter-organelle tethering, (3) age-related changes in inter-organelle degradative and nondegradative pathways, and (4) relevance of MQC failure to inflammaging and age-related conditions, with a focus on Parkinson’s disease as a prototypical geroscience condition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:24:40Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:24:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d0087e3f4ea42729417fb9fc7b5b2352023-09-03T01:56:13ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-03-019359810.3390/cells9030598cells9030598Inter-Organelle Membrane Contact Sites and Mitochondrial Quality Control during Aging: A Geroscience ViewAnna Picca0Riccardo Calvani1Hélio José Coelho-Junior2Francesco Landi3Roberto Bernabei4Emanuele Marzetti5Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyFondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, 00168 Rome, ItalyFondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyFondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyFondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyMitochondrial dysfunction and failing mitochondrial quality control (MQC) are major determinants of aging. Far from being standalone organelles, mitochondria are intricately related with cellular other compartments, including lysosomes. The intimate relationship between mitochondria and lysosomes is reflected by the fact that lysosomal degradation of dysfunctional mitochondria is the final step of mitophagy. Inter-organelle membrane contact sites also allow bidirectional communication between mitochondria and lysosomes as part of nondegradative pathways. This interaction establishes a functional unit that regulates metabolic signaling, mitochondrial dynamics, and, hence, MQC. Contacts of mitochondria with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have also been described. ER-mitochondrial interactions are relevant to Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis, transfer of phospholipid precursors to mitochondria, and integration of apoptotic signaling. Many proteins involved in mitochondrial contact sites with other organelles also participate to degradative MQC pathways. Hence, a comprehensive assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction during aging requires a thorough evaluation of degradative and nondegradative inter-organelle pathways. Here, we present a geroscience overview on (1) degradative MQC pathways, (2) nondegradative processes involving inter-organelle tethering, (3) age-related changes in inter-organelle degradative and nondegradative pathways, and (4) relevance of MQC failure to inflammaging and age-related conditions, with a focus on Parkinson’s disease as a prototypical geroscience condition.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/3/598biomarkersexosomesextracellular vesiclesgeroprotective interventionsmitophagymitochondrial damagemitochondrial dynamicsmitochondrial-derived vesiclesmitochondrial-lysosomal axisneurodegeneration |
| spellingShingle | Anna Picca Riccardo Calvani Hélio José Coelho-Junior Francesco Landi Roberto Bernabei Emanuele Marzetti Inter-Organelle Membrane Contact Sites and Mitochondrial Quality Control during Aging: A Geroscience View Cells biomarkers exosomes extracellular vesicles geroprotective interventions mitophagy mitochondrial damage mitochondrial dynamics mitochondrial-derived vesicles mitochondrial-lysosomal axis neurodegeneration |
| title | Inter-Organelle Membrane Contact Sites and Mitochondrial Quality Control during Aging: A Geroscience View |
| title_full | Inter-Organelle Membrane Contact Sites and Mitochondrial Quality Control during Aging: A Geroscience View |
| title_fullStr | Inter-Organelle Membrane Contact Sites and Mitochondrial Quality Control during Aging: A Geroscience View |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inter-Organelle Membrane Contact Sites and Mitochondrial Quality Control during Aging: A Geroscience View |
| title_short | Inter-Organelle Membrane Contact Sites and Mitochondrial Quality Control during Aging: A Geroscience View |
| title_sort | inter organelle membrane contact sites and mitochondrial quality control during aging a geroscience view |
| topic | biomarkers exosomes extracellular vesicles geroprotective interventions mitophagy mitochondrial damage mitochondrial dynamics mitochondrial-derived vesicles mitochondrial-lysosomal axis neurodegeneration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/3/598 |
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