Sestrin2 as a Potential Target in Hypertension
Hypertension is a highly complex, intricate condition affecting millions of individuals across the globe. Nearly half of adults in the United States are diagnosed with hypertension, with incident rates projected to rise over the next decade. Hypertension is a precursor to many cardiovascular disease...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/14/2374 |
| _version_ | 1797589645200982016 |
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| author | Steven Didik Hao Wang Adewale Segun James Lily Slotabec Ji Li |
| author_facet | Steven Didik Hao Wang Adewale Segun James Lily Slotabec Ji Li |
| author_sort | Steven Didik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hypertension is a highly complex, intricate condition affecting millions of individuals across the globe. Nearly half of adults in the United States are diagnosed with hypertension, with incident rates projected to rise over the next decade. Hypertension is a precursor to many cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and peripheral artery disease. This review describes the major processes contributing to the development of hypertension and how Sestrin2 (Sesn2), an antioxidative protein, could be a potential target in the treatment of hypertension. In hypertension, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is a critical component in the etiology of the condition. The increased ROS in hypertension is derived from a variety of sources, all of which are covered in depth in this review. Increased ROS is generated from mitochondrial stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, NADPH oxidase (NOX) overactivity, and the uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxidase synthase (eNOS). Sesn2, a highly conserved, stress-inducible protein, has the structural and functional characteristics to be a potential therapeutic target to alleviate the progression of hypertension. The structure, function, genetics, and characteristics of Sesn2 are presented in the review. The Nrf2/Sesn2, Sesn2/AMPK/mTOR, and Sesn2/Angiotensin II signaling pathways are described in detail in this review. Sesn2 can be utilized in a multitude of ways as a therapeutic modality in hypertension. This review explores potential Sesn2 inducers and activators and how Sesn2 can be incorporated into gene therapy for the treatment of hypertension. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:09:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2d0477969c2548ae8443733db79c4909 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:09:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d0477969c2548ae8443733db79c49092023-11-18T18:57:52ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182023-07-011314237410.3390/diagnostics13142374Sestrin2 as a Potential Target in HypertensionSteven Didik0Hao Wang1Adewale Segun James2Lily Slotabec3Ji Li4Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USADepartment of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USAHypertension is a highly complex, intricate condition affecting millions of individuals across the globe. Nearly half of adults in the United States are diagnosed with hypertension, with incident rates projected to rise over the next decade. Hypertension is a precursor to many cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and peripheral artery disease. This review describes the major processes contributing to the development of hypertension and how Sestrin2 (Sesn2), an antioxidative protein, could be a potential target in the treatment of hypertension. In hypertension, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is a critical component in the etiology of the condition. The increased ROS in hypertension is derived from a variety of sources, all of which are covered in depth in this review. Increased ROS is generated from mitochondrial stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, NADPH oxidase (NOX) overactivity, and the uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxidase synthase (eNOS). Sesn2, a highly conserved, stress-inducible protein, has the structural and functional characteristics to be a potential therapeutic target to alleviate the progression of hypertension. The structure, function, genetics, and characteristics of Sesn2 are presented in the review. The Nrf2/Sesn2, Sesn2/AMPK/mTOR, and Sesn2/Angiotensin II signaling pathways are described in detail in this review. Sesn2 can be utilized in a multitude of ways as a therapeutic modality in hypertension. This review explores potential Sesn2 inducers and activators and how Sesn2 can be incorporated into gene therapy for the treatment of hypertension.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/14/2374Sesn2redox homeostasissignal transduction |
| spellingShingle | Steven Didik Hao Wang Adewale Segun James Lily Slotabec Ji Li Sestrin2 as a Potential Target in Hypertension Diagnostics Sesn2 redox homeostasis signal transduction |
| title | Sestrin2 as a Potential Target in Hypertension |
| title_full | Sestrin2 as a Potential Target in Hypertension |
| title_fullStr | Sestrin2 as a Potential Target in Hypertension |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sestrin2 as a Potential Target in Hypertension |
| title_short | Sestrin2 as a Potential Target in Hypertension |
| title_sort | sestrin2 as a potential target in hypertension |
| topic | Sesn2 redox homeostasis signal transduction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/14/2374 |
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