Protection of Strawberry Plants against Charcoal Rot Disease (<i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>) Induced by <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i>
Some Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can induce protection against pathogens, increasing plant tolerance to various diseases. This so-called biocontrol activity is replacing harmful practices in agriculture caused by the use of agrochemicals. <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> is...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/195 |
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| author | Josefina Viejobueno Patricia Liliana Albornoz María Camacho Berta de los Santos Martín Gustavo Martínez-Zamora Sergio Miguel Salazar |
| author_facet | Josefina Viejobueno Patricia Liliana Albornoz María Camacho Berta de los Santos Martín Gustavo Martínez-Zamora Sergio Miguel Salazar |
| author_sort | Josefina Viejobueno |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Some Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can induce protection against pathogens, increasing plant tolerance to various diseases. This so-called biocontrol activity is replacing harmful practices in agriculture caused by the use of agrochemicals. <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> is one of the PGPR already effectively used as a resistance inducer in several crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of PGPR <i>A. brasilense</i> strains isolated from strawberry and petunia plants (REC3, 2A1, 2A2, and 2E1) against the fungal pathogen <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>, which is the causal agent of the strawberry charcoal rot disease. In vitro antagonism assays and enzymatic tests on Petri dishes revealed no direct inhibition on <i>M. phaseolina</i> growth by any of the <i>A. brasilense</i> strains. However, strawberry plants treated with REC3 and 2A1 strains increased callose and lignin deposition and stomatal closure compared to untreated plants. In addition, treatments with either bacterial strains induced a defense response in strawberry plants against virulent isolates of <i>M. phaseolina</i> evidenced by an increased tolerance to the charcoal rot disease. These results suggest that <i>A. brasilense</i> REC3 and 2A1 strains can be used for the activation of innate immunity in strawberry plants as a strategy for managing charcoal rot in a sustainable and environmentally friendly way. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:14:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2d09b031a02541a3895dabbe6a916e18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:14:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d09b031a02541a3895dabbe6a916e182023-12-03T13:55:51ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-01-0111219510.3390/agronomy11020195Protection of Strawberry Plants against Charcoal Rot Disease (<i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>) Induced by <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i>Josefina Viejobueno0Patricia Liliana Albornoz1María Camacho2Berta de los Santos3Martín Gustavo Martínez-Zamora4Sergio Miguel Salazar5Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Ruta Provincial 301-Km 32, T4132 Famaillá, Tucumán, ArgentinaFacultad de Ciencias Naturales e I.M.L. (UNT) y Fundación Miguel Lillo (FML), Miguel Lillo 251, T4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, ArgentinaInstituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA) Centro Las Torres, Apdo. Oficial, Ctra. Sevilla-Cazalla, Km. 12,2, 41200 Alcalá del Río, Sevilla, SpainInstituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA) Centro Las Torres, Apdo. Oficial, Ctra. Sevilla-Cazalla, Km. 12,2, 41200 Alcalá del Río, Sevilla, SpainFacultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr. Bernabé Bloj”, Batalla de Chacabuco 461, T4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, ArgentinaEstación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Ruta Provincial 301-Km 32, T4132 Famaillá, Tucumán, ArgentinaSome Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can induce protection against pathogens, increasing plant tolerance to various diseases. This so-called biocontrol activity is replacing harmful practices in agriculture caused by the use of agrochemicals. <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> is one of the PGPR already effectively used as a resistance inducer in several crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of PGPR <i>A. brasilense</i> strains isolated from strawberry and petunia plants (REC3, 2A1, 2A2, and 2E1) against the fungal pathogen <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>, which is the causal agent of the strawberry charcoal rot disease. In vitro antagonism assays and enzymatic tests on Petri dishes revealed no direct inhibition on <i>M. phaseolina</i> growth by any of the <i>A. brasilense</i> strains. However, strawberry plants treated with REC3 and 2A1 strains increased callose and lignin deposition and stomatal closure compared to untreated plants. In addition, treatments with either bacterial strains induced a defense response in strawberry plants against virulent isolates of <i>M. phaseolina</i> evidenced by an increased tolerance to the charcoal rot disease. These results suggest that <i>A. brasilense</i> REC3 and 2A1 strains can be used for the activation of innate immunity in strawberry plants as a strategy for managing charcoal rot in a sustainable and environmentally friendly way.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/195biocontrolinduced resistancePGPRphytopathogen |
| spellingShingle | Josefina Viejobueno Patricia Liliana Albornoz María Camacho Berta de los Santos Martín Gustavo Martínez-Zamora Sergio Miguel Salazar Protection of Strawberry Plants against Charcoal Rot Disease (<i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>) Induced by <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> Agronomy biocontrol induced resistance PGPR phytopathogen |
| title | Protection of Strawberry Plants against Charcoal Rot Disease (<i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>) Induced by <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> |
| title_full | Protection of Strawberry Plants against Charcoal Rot Disease (<i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>) Induced by <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> |
| title_fullStr | Protection of Strawberry Plants against Charcoal Rot Disease (<i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>) Induced by <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protection of Strawberry Plants against Charcoal Rot Disease (<i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>) Induced by <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> |
| title_short | Protection of Strawberry Plants against Charcoal Rot Disease (<i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>) Induced by <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> |
| title_sort | protection of strawberry plants against charcoal rot disease i macrophomina phaseolina i induced by i azospirillum brasilense i |
| topic | biocontrol induced resistance PGPR phytopathogen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/195 |
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