Effect of provision of non-alcoholic beverages on alcohol consumption: a randomized controlled study
Abstract Background The use of alcohol-flavored beverages not containing alcohol (hereinafter referred to as non-alcoholic beverages) is recommended to reduce alcohol consumption. However, it is unclear if this reduces excessive drinking. Objective To verify whether non-alcoholic beverages impact th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-03085-1 |
| _version_ | 1797452355340337152 |
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| author | Hisashi Yoshimoto Kyoko Kawaida Shohei Dobashi Go Saito Yukiko Owaki |
| author_facet | Hisashi Yoshimoto Kyoko Kawaida Shohei Dobashi Go Saito Yukiko Owaki |
| author_sort | Hisashi Yoshimoto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The use of alcohol-flavored beverages not containing alcohol (hereinafter referred to as non-alcoholic beverages) is recommended to reduce alcohol consumption. However, it is unclear if this reduces excessive drinking. Objective To verify whether non-alcoholic beverages impact the alcohol consumption of excessive drinkers. Study design Single-center, open-label, randomized, parallel-group study. Methods Participants aged 20 years or older who were not diagnosed with alcoholism, who drank at least four times a week, and whose alcohol consumption on those days was at least 40 g in males and 20 g in females, were recruited. Participants were randomized into the intervention or control group by simple randomization using a random number table. In the intervention group, free non-alcoholic beverages were provided once every 4 weeks for 12 weeks (three times in total), and thereafter, the number of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages consumed were recorded for up to 20 weeks. The consumption of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages was calculated based on a drinking diary submitted with the previous 4 weeks of data. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in total alcohol consumption during past 4 weeks at week 12. The participants were not blinded to group allocations. Results Fifty-four participants (43.9%) were allocated to the intervention group and 69 (56.1%) to the control group. None of the participants in the intervention group dropped out, compared to two (1.6%) in the control group. The change in alcohol consumption was − 320.8 g (standard deviation [SD], 283.6) in the intervention group and − 76.9 g (SD, 272.6) in the control group at Week 12, indicating a significant difference (p < 0.001). Even at Week 20 (8 weeks after the completion of the intervention), the change was − 276.9 g (SD, 39.1) in the intervention group, which was significantly greater than − 126.1 g (SD, 41.3) in the control group (p < 0.001). The Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the change in non-alcoholic beverage consumption and alcohol consumption at Week 12 was significantly negative only in the intervention group (ρ = − 0.500, p < 0.001). There were no reports of adverse events during the study. Conclusions Providing non-alcoholic beverages significantly reduced alcohol consumption, an effect that persisted for 8 weeks after the intervention. Trial registration UMIN UMIN000047949. Registered 4 June 2022. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:07:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2d19464e666c4e40b05d3bd4ea613760 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1741-7015 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:07:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d19464e666c4e40b05d3bd4ea6137602023-11-26T13:34:08ZengBMCBMC Medicine1741-70152023-10-0121111010.1186/s12916-023-03085-1Effect of provision of non-alcoholic beverages on alcohol consumption: a randomized controlled studyHisashi Yoshimoto0Kyoko Kawaida1Shohei Dobashi2Go Saito3Yukiko Owaki4Research and Development Center for Lifestyle Innovation, University of TsukubaResearch and Development Center for Lifestyle Innovation, University of TsukubaResearch and Development Center for Lifestyle Innovation, University of TsukubaResearch and Development Center for Lifestyle Innovation, University of TsukubaResearch and Development Center for Lifestyle Innovation, University of TsukubaAbstract Background The use of alcohol-flavored beverages not containing alcohol (hereinafter referred to as non-alcoholic beverages) is recommended to reduce alcohol consumption. However, it is unclear if this reduces excessive drinking. Objective To verify whether non-alcoholic beverages impact the alcohol consumption of excessive drinkers. Study design Single-center, open-label, randomized, parallel-group study. Methods Participants aged 20 years or older who were not diagnosed with alcoholism, who drank at least four times a week, and whose alcohol consumption on those days was at least 40 g in males and 20 g in females, were recruited. Participants were randomized into the intervention or control group by simple randomization using a random number table. In the intervention group, free non-alcoholic beverages were provided once every 4 weeks for 12 weeks (three times in total), and thereafter, the number of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages consumed were recorded for up to 20 weeks. The consumption of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages was calculated based on a drinking diary submitted with the previous 4 weeks of data. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in total alcohol consumption during past 4 weeks at week 12. The participants were not blinded to group allocations. Results Fifty-four participants (43.9%) were allocated to the intervention group and 69 (56.1%) to the control group. None of the participants in the intervention group dropped out, compared to two (1.6%) in the control group. The change in alcohol consumption was − 320.8 g (standard deviation [SD], 283.6) in the intervention group and − 76.9 g (SD, 272.6) in the control group at Week 12, indicating a significant difference (p < 0.001). Even at Week 20 (8 weeks after the completion of the intervention), the change was − 276.9 g (SD, 39.1) in the intervention group, which was significantly greater than − 126.1 g (SD, 41.3) in the control group (p < 0.001). The Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the change in non-alcoholic beverage consumption and alcohol consumption at Week 12 was significantly negative only in the intervention group (ρ = − 0.500, p < 0.001). There were no reports of adverse events during the study. Conclusions Providing non-alcoholic beverages significantly reduced alcohol consumption, an effect that persisted for 8 weeks after the intervention. Trial registration UMIN UMIN000047949. Registered 4 June 2022.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-03085-1Non-alcoholic beveragesReduced alcohol consumptionRandomized controlled study |
| spellingShingle | Hisashi Yoshimoto Kyoko Kawaida Shohei Dobashi Go Saito Yukiko Owaki Effect of provision of non-alcoholic beverages on alcohol consumption: a randomized controlled study BMC Medicine Non-alcoholic beverages Reduced alcohol consumption Randomized controlled study |
| title | Effect of provision of non-alcoholic beverages on alcohol consumption: a randomized controlled study |
| title_full | Effect of provision of non-alcoholic beverages on alcohol consumption: a randomized controlled study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of provision of non-alcoholic beverages on alcohol consumption: a randomized controlled study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of provision of non-alcoholic beverages on alcohol consumption: a randomized controlled study |
| title_short | Effect of provision of non-alcoholic beverages on alcohol consumption: a randomized controlled study |
| title_sort | effect of provision of non alcoholic beverages on alcohol consumption a randomized controlled study |
| topic | Non-alcoholic beverages Reduced alcohol consumption Randomized controlled study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-03085-1 |
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