Diet Composition of the Wild Stump-Tailed Macaque (<i>Macaca arctoides</i>) in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia, Using a Chloroplast tRNL DNA Metabarcoding Approach: A Preliminary Study
Understanding dietary diversity is a fundamental task in the study of stump-tailed macaque, <i>Macaca arctoides</i> in its natural habitat. However, direct feeding observation and morphological identification using fecal samples are not effective and nearly impossible to obtain in natura...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/12/2215 |
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| author | Nur Azimah Osman Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan Salmah Yaakop Shukor Md Nor Badrul Munir Md-Zain |
| author_facet | Nur Azimah Osman Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan Salmah Yaakop Shukor Md Nor Badrul Munir Md-Zain |
| author_sort | Nur Azimah Osman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding dietary diversity is a fundamental task in the study of stump-tailed macaque, <i>Macaca arctoides</i> in its natural habitat. However, direct feeding observation and morphological identification using fecal samples are not effective and nearly impossible to obtain in natural habitats because this species is sensitive to human presence. As ecological methods are challenging and time-consuming, DNA metabarcoding offers a more powerful assessment of the diet. We used a chloroplast tRNL DNA metabarcoding approach to identify the diversity of plants consumed by free-ranging <i>M. arctoides</i> in the Malaysia–Thailand border region located in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia. DNA was extracted from three fecal samples, and chloroplast tRNL DNA was amplified and sequenced using the Illumina MiniSeq platform. Sequences were analyzed using the CLC Genomic Workbench software. A total of 145 plant species from 46 families were successfully identified as being consumed by <i>M. arctoides</i>. The most abundant species were yellow saraca, <i>Saraca thaipingensis</i> (11.70%), common fig, <i>Ficus carica</i> (9.33%), aramata, <i>Clathrotropis brachypetala</i> (5.90%), sea fig, <i>Ficus superba</i> (5.44%), and envireira, <i>Malmea dielsiana</i> (1.70%). However, <i>Clathrotropis</i> and <i>Malmea</i> are not considered Malaysian trees because of limited data available from Malaysian plant DNA. Our study is the first to identify plant taxa up to the species level consumed by stump-tailed macaques based on a DNA metabarcoding approach. This result provides an important understanding on diet of wild <i>M. arctoides</i> that only reside in Perlis State Park, Malaysia. |
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| id | doaj.art-2d1f401e08154a5ca07f90878ef18a2b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:32:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d1f401e08154a5ca07f90878ef18a2b2023-11-20T22:23:57ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152020-11-011012221510.3390/ani10122215Diet Composition of the Wild Stump-Tailed Macaque (<i>Macaca arctoides</i>) in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia, Using a Chloroplast tRNL DNA Metabarcoding Approach: A Preliminary StudyNur Azimah Osman0Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff1Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan2Salmah Yaakop3Shukor Md Nor4Badrul Munir Md-Zain5Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaOasis Integrated Group (OIG), Institute for Integrated Engineering (I²E), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Johor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaUnderstanding dietary diversity is a fundamental task in the study of stump-tailed macaque, <i>Macaca arctoides</i> in its natural habitat. However, direct feeding observation and morphological identification using fecal samples are not effective and nearly impossible to obtain in natural habitats because this species is sensitive to human presence. As ecological methods are challenging and time-consuming, DNA metabarcoding offers a more powerful assessment of the diet. We used a chloroplast tRNL DNA metabarcoding approach to identify the diversity of plants consumed by free-ranging <i>M. arctoides</i> in the Malaysia–Thailand border region located in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia. DNA was extracted from three fecal samples, and chloroplast tRNL DNA was amplified and sequenced using the Illumina MiniSeq platform. Sequences were analyzed using the CLC Genomic Workbench software. A total of 145 plant species from 46 families were successfully identified as being consumed by <i>M. arctoides</i>. The most abundant species were yellow saraca, <i>Saraca thaipingensis</i> (11.70%), common fig, <i>Ficus carica</i> (9.33%), aramata, <i>Clathrotropis brachypetala</i> (5.90%), sea fig, <i>Ficus superba</i> (5.44%), and envireira, <i>Malmea dielsiana</i> (1.70%). However, <i>Clathrotropis</i> and <i>Malmea</i> are not considered Malaysian trees because of limited data available from Malaysian plant DNA. Our study is the first to identify plant taxa up to the species level consumed by stump-tailed macaques based on a DNA metabarcoding approach. This result provides an important understanding on diet of wild <i>M. arctoides</i> that only reside in Perlis State Park, Malaysia.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/12/2215Malaysian primates<i>Macaca arctoides</i>plant metabarcodingtRNL |
| spellingShingle | Nur Azimah Osman Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan Salmah Yaakop Shukor Md Nor Badrul Munir Md-Zain Diet Composition of the Wild Stump-Tailed Macaque (<i>Macaca arctoides</i>) in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia, Using a Chloroplast tRNL DNA Metabarcoding Approach: A Preliminary Study Animals Malaysian primates <i>Macaca arctoides</i> plant metabarcoding tRNL |
| title | Diet Composition of the Wild Stump-Tailed Macaque (<i>Macaca arctoides</i>) in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia, Using a Chloroplast tRNL DNA Metabarcoding Approach: A Preliminary Study |
| title_full | Diet Composition of the Wild Stump-Tailed Macaque (<i>Macaca arctoides</i>) in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia, Using a Chloroplast tRNL DNA Metabarcoding Approach: A Preliminary Study |
| title_fullStr | Diet Composition of the Wild Stump-Tailed Macaque (<i>Macaca arctoides</i>) in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia, Using a Chloroplast tRNL DNA Metabarcoding Approach: A Preliminary Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diet Composition of the Wild Stump-Tailed Macaque (<i>Macaca arctoides</i>) in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia, Using a Chloroplast tRNL DNA Metabarcoding Approach: A Preliminary Study |
| title_short | Diet Composition of the Wild Stump-Tailed Macaque (<i>Macaca arctoides</i>) in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia, Using a Chloroplast tRNL DNA Metabarcoding Approach: A Preliminary Study |
| title_sort | diet composition of the wild stump tailed macaque i macaca arctoides i in perlis state park peninsular malaysia using a chloroplast trnl dna metabarcoding approach a preliminary study |
| topic | Malaysian primates <i>Macaca arctoides</i> plant metabarcoding tRNL |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/12/2215 |
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