Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial Infarction
Adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle—as captured by the Medlife Index Questionnaire (i.e., encompassing a Mediterranean diet as well as other aspects of healthy living, such as food preparation, physical activity, and socializing)—has been associated with reduced cardiovascular events in healthy...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4048 |
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| author | Marko Novaković Uroš Rajkovič Daniel Košuta Jure Tršan Zlatko Fras Borut Jug |
| author_facet | Marko Novaković Uroš Rajkovič Daniel Košuta Jure Tršan Zlatko Fras Borut Jug |
| author_sort | Marko Novaković |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle—as captured by the Medlife Index Questionnaire (i.e., encompassing a Mediterranean diet as well as other aspects of healthy living, such as food preparation, physical activity, and socializing)—has been associated with reduced cardiovascular events in healthy individuals. In the present study, we sought to determine the adherence to, and the effect of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation on, Mediterranean lifestyle adherence in patients after myocardial infarction. We included 121 patients (mean age, 55 years; women, 37%) undergoing comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation—i.e., exercise training 3 times per week for 12 weeks plus dedicated workshops promoting the Mediterranean lifestyle. Before and after cardiac rehabilitation, patients completed the Medlife Index Questionnaire. High baseline adherence was associated with favourable glucose (5.39 vs. 6.1 mmol/L; <i>p</i> < 0.001), triglycerides (1.1 vs. 1.5 mmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.002), and HDL cholesterol levels (1.32 vs. 1.12 mmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.032). More importantly, the Medlife Score significantly improved following comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in patients with low baseline adherence (from 13.8 to 16.7 points; <i>p</i> < 0.001), but not in patients with high baseline adherence (from 19.4 to 18.8 points; <i>p</i> = 0.205). Our findings suggested that Mediterranean lifestyle promotion during cardiac rehabilitation improved adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle, especially in low-adherence patients. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:19:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d2da219b2e94b77b0d6d3a54778a9792023-11-23T21:24:42ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-09-011419404810.3390/nu14194048Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial InfarctionMarko Novaković0Uroš Rajkovič1Daniel Košuta2Jure Tršan3Zlatko Fras4Borut Jug5Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 7/VI, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaFaculty of Organizational Sciences, University of Maribor, Kidričeva cesta 55a, 4000 Kranj, SloveniaDepartment of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 7/VI, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 7/VI, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 7/VI, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 7/VI, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaAdherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle—as captured by the Medlife Index Questionnaire (i.e., encompassing a Mediterranean diet as well as other aspects of healthy living, such as food preparation, physical activity, and socializing)—has been associated with reduced cardiovascular events in healthy individuals. In the present study, we sought to determine the adherence to, and the effect of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation on, Mediterranean lifestyle adherence in patients after myocardial infarction. We included 121 patients (mean age, 55 years; women, 37%) undergoing comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation—i.e., exercise training 3 times per week for 12 weeks plus dedicated workshops promoting the Mediterranean lifestyle. Before and after cardiac rehabilitation, patients completed the Medlife Index Questionnaire. High baseline adherence was associated with favourable glucose (5.39 vs. 6.1 mmol/L; <i>p</i> < 0.001), triglycerides (1.1 vs. 1.5 mmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.002), and HDL cholesterol levels (1.32 vs. 1.12 mmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.032). More importantly, the Medlife Score significantly improved following comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in patients with low baseline adherence (from 13.8 to 16.7 points; <i>p</i> < 0.001), but not in patients with high baseline adherence (from 19.4 to 18.8 points; <i>p</i> = 0.205). Our findings suggested that Mediterranean lifestyle promotion during cardiac rehabilitation improved adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle, especially in low-adherence patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4048Mediterranean dietMediterranean lifestylemyocardial infarctioncoronary artery diseasecardiac rehabilitationlipid status |
| spellingShingle | Marko Novaković Uroš Rajkovič Daniel Košuta Jure Tršan Zlatko Fras Borut Jug Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial Infarction Nutrients Mediterranean diet Mediterranean lifestyle myocardial infarction coronary artery disease cardiac rehabilitation lipid status |
| title | Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial Infarction |
| title_full | Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial Infarction |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial Infarction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial Infarction |
| title_short | Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial Infarction |
| title_sort | effects of cardiac rehabilitation and diet counselling on adherence to the mediterranean lifestyle in patients after myocardial infarction |
| topic | Mediterranean diet Mediterranean lifestyle myocardial infarction coronary artery disease cardiac rehabilitation lipid status |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4048 |
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