Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and ROS-signaling pathways activation attack the eyes. We evaluated the oxidative stress (OS) and the effects of a daily, core nutritional supplement regimen containing antioxidants and omega 3 fatty acids (A/ω3) in type 2 diabetics (T2DM). A case-control...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/11/1101 |
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| author | Silvia M. Sanz-González José J. García-Medina Vicente Zanón-Moreno María I. López-Gálvez David Galarreta-Mira Lilianne Duarte Mar Valero-Velló Ana I. Ramírez J. Fernando Arévalo María D. Pinazo-Durán on behalf of the Valencia Study Group on Diabetic Retinopathy (VSDR) Report number 4 |
| author_facet | Silvia M. Sanz-González José J. García-Medina Vicente Zanón-Moreno María I. López-Gálvez David Galarreta-Mira Lilianne Duarte Mar Valero-Velló Ana I. Ramírez J. Fernando Arévalo María D. Pinazo-Durán on behalf of the Valencia Study Group on Diabetic Retinopathy (VSDR) Report number 4 |
| author_sort | Silvia M. Sanz-González |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and ROS-signaling pathways activation attack the eyes. We evaluated the oxidative stress (OS) and the effects of a daily, core nutritional supplement regimen containing antioxidants and omega 3 fatty acids (A/ω3) in type 2 diabetics (T2DM). A case-control study was carried out in 480 participants [287 T2DM patients with (+)/without (−) diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 193 healthy controls (CG)], randomly assigned to a daily pill of A/ω3. Periodic evaluation through 38 months allowed to outline patient characteristics, DR features, and classic/OS blood parameters. Statistics were performed by the SPSS 24.0 program. Diabetics displayed significantly higher circulating pro-oxidants (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and lower antioxidants (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) than the controls. Significantly higher plasma malondialdehyde/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (MDA/TBARS; <i>p</i> = 0.006) and lower plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC; <i>p</i> = 0.042) and vitamin C (0.020) was found in T2DM + DR versus T2DM-DR. The differential expression profile of solute carrier family 23 member 2 (SLC23A2) gene was seen in diabetics versus the CG (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and in T2DM + DR versus T2DM − DR (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The A/ω3 regime significantly reduced the pro-oxidants (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and augmented the antioxidants (<i>p</i> < 0.05). This follow-up study supports that a regular A/ω3 supplementation reduces the oxidative load and may serve as a dietary prophylaxis/adjunctive intervention for patients at risk of diabetic blindness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:59:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2d49f2cf5efd420f927519aa81cc0ee9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:59:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d49f2cf5efd420f927519aa81cc0ee92023-11-20T20:18:50ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212020-11-01911110110.3390/antiox9111101Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future AvenuesSilvia M. Sanz-González0José J. García-Medina1Vicente Zanón-Moreno2María I. López-Gálvez3David Galarreta-Mira4Lilianne Duarte5Mar Valero-Velló6Ana I. Ramírez7J. Fernando Arévalo8María D. Pinazo-Durán9on behalf of the Valencia Study Group on Diabetic Retinopathy (VSDR) Report number 4Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía”, Fundación Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO), Ave. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainOphthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía”, Fundación Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO), Ave. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainOphthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía”, Fundación Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO), Ave. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainSpanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, of the Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainSpanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, of the Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Ophthalmology, Complexo Hospitalar “Entre Douro e Vouga”, 4520-211 Santa Maria da Feira, PortugalOphthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía”, Fundación Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO), Ave. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainSpanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, of the Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainWilmer s Eye Institute at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USAOphthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía”, Fundación Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO), Ave. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainReactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and ROS-signaling pathways activation attack the eyes. We evaluated the oxidative stress (OS) and the effects of a daily, core nutritional supplement regimen containing antioxidants and omega 3 fatty acids (A/ω3) in type 2 diabetics (T2DM). A case-control study was carried out in 480 participants [287 T2DM patients with (+)/without (−) diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 193 healthy controls (CG)], randomly assigned to a daily pill of A/ω3. Periodic evaluation through 38 months allowed to outline patient characteristics, DR features, and classic/OS blood parameters. Statistics were performed by the SPSS 24.0 program. Diabetics displayed significantly higher circulating pro-oxidants (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and lower antioxidants (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) than the controls. Significantly higher plasma malondialdehyde/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (MDA/TBARS; <i>p</i> = 0.006) and lower plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC; <i>p</i> = 0.042) and vitamin C (0.020) was found in T2DM + DR versus T2DM-DR. The differential expression profile of solute carrier family 23 member 2 (SLC23A2) gene was seen in diabetics versus the CG (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and in T2DM + DR versus T2DM − DR (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The A/ω3 regime significantly reduced the pro-oxidants (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and augmented the antioxidants (<i>p</i> < 0.05). This follow-up study supports that a regular A/ω3 supplementation reduces the oxidative load and may serve as a dietary prophylaxis/adjunctive intervention for patients at risk of diabetic blindness.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/11/1101type 2 diabetes mellitusretinopathyoxidative stressantioxidantsomega-3 fatty acidscandidate biomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Silvia M. Sanz-González José J. García-Medina Vicente Zanón-Moreno María I. López-Gálvez David Galarreta-Mira Lilianne Duarte Mar Valero-Velló Ana I. Ramírez J. Fernando Arévalo María D. Pinazo-Durán on behalf of the Valencia Study Group on Diabetic Retinopathy (VSDR) Report number 4 Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues Antioxidants type 2 diabetes mellitus retinopathy oxidative stress antioxidants omega-3 fatty acids candidate biomarkers |
| title | Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues |
| title_full | Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues |
| title_fullStr | Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues |
| title_short | Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues |
| title_sort | clinical and molecular genetic insights into the role of oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy antioxidant strategies and future avenues |
| topic | type 2 diabetes mellitus retinopathy oxidative stress antioxidants omega-3 fatty acids candidate biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/11/1101 |
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