Proteomic insight into fruit set of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) suggests the cues of hormone-independent parthenocarpy
Abstract Background Parthenocarpy is an excellent agronomic trait that enables crops to set fruit in the absence of pollination and fertilization, and therefore to produce seedless fruit. Although parthenocarpy is widely recognized as a hormone-dependent process, hormone-insensitive parthenocarpy ca...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Genomics |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-017-4290-5 |
| _version_ | 1818486216066072576 |
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| author | Ji Li Jian Xu Qin-Wei Guo Zhe Wu Ting Zhang Kai-Jing Zhang Chun-yan Cheng Pin-yu Zhu Qun-Feng Lou Jin-Feng Chen |
| author_facet | Ji Li Jian Xu Qin-Wei Guo Zhe Wu Ting Zhang Kai-Jing Zhang Chun-yan Cheng Pin-yu Zhu Qun-Feng Lou Jin-Feng Chen |
| author_sort | Ji Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Parthenocarpy is an excellent agronomic trait that enables crops to set fruit in the absence of pollination and fertilization, and therefore to produce seedless fruit. Although parthenocarpy is widely recognized as a hormone-dependent process, hormone-insensitive parthenocarpy can also be observed in cucumber; however, its mechanism is poorly understood. To improve the global understanding of parthenocarpy and address the hormone-insensitive parthenocarpy shown in cucumber, we conducted a physiological and proteomic analysis of differently developed fruits. Results Physiological analysis indicated that the natural hormone-insensitive parthenocarpy of ‘EC1’ has broad hormone-inhibitor resistance, and the endogenous hormones in the natural parthenocarpy (NP) fruits were stable and relatively lower than those of the non-parthenocarpic cultivar ‘8419 s-1.’ Based on the iTRAQ technique, 683 fruit developmental proteins were identified from NP, cytokinin-induced parthenocarpic (CP), pollinated and unpollinated fruits. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that proteins detected from both set and aborted fruits were involved in similar biological processes, such as cell growth, the cell cycle, cell death and communication. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that ‘protein synthesis’ was the major biological process that differed between fruit set and fruit abortion. Clustering analysis revealed that different protein expression patterns were involved in CP and NP fruits. Forty-one parthenocarpy-specialized DEPs (differentially expressed proteins) were screened and divided into two distinctive groups: NP-specialized proteins and CP-specialized proteins. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis indicated that NP-specialized proteins showed hormone- or hormone-inhibitor insensitive expression patterns in both ovaries and seedlings. Conclusions In this study, the global molecular regulation of fruit development in cucumber was revealed at the protein level. Physiological and proteomic comparisons indicated the presence of hormone-independent parthenocarpy and suppression of fruit abortion in cucumber. The proteomic analysis suggested that hormone-independent parthenocarpy is regulated by hormone-insensitive proteins such as the NP-specialized proteins. Moreover, the regulation of fruit abortion suppression may be closely related to protein synthesis pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:19:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2d56deffcc63476aa757f02a4b6178f4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:19:59Z |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
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| series | BMC Genomics |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d56deffcc63476aa757f02a4b6178f42022-12-22T01:41:52ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642017-11-0118111810.1186/s12864-017-4290-5Proteomic insight into fruit set of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) suggests the cues of hormone-independent parthenocarpyJi Li0Jian Xu1Qin-Wei Guo2Zhe Wu3Ting Zhang4Kai-Jing Zhang5Chun-yan Cheng6Pin-yu Zhu7Qun-Feng Lou8Jin-Feng Chen9State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Parthenocarpy is an excellent agronomic trait that enables crops to set fruit in the absence of pollination and fertilization, and therefore to produce seedless fruit. Although parthenocarpy is widely recognized as a hormone-dependent process, hormone-insensitive parthenocarpy can also be observed in cucumber; however, its mechanism is poorly understood. To improve the global understanding of parthenocarpy and address the hormone-insensitive parthenocarpy shown in cucumber, we conducted a physiological and proteomic analysis of differently developed fruits. Results Physiological analysis indicated that the natural hormone-insensitive parthenocarpy of ‘EC1’ has broad hormone-inhibitor resistance, and the endogenous hormones in the natural parthenocarpy (NP) fruits were stable and relatively lower than those of the non-parthenocarpic cultivar ‘8419 s-1.’ Based on the iTRAQ technique, 683 fruit developmental proteins were identified from NP, cytokinin-induced parthenocarpic (CP), pollinated and unpollinated fruits. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that proteins detected from both set and aborted fruits were involved in similar biological processes, such as cell growth, the cell cycle, cell death and communication. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that ‘protein synthesis’ was the major biological process that differed between fruit set and fruit abortion. Clustering analysis revealed that different protein expression patterns were involved in CP and NP fruits. Forty-one parthenocarpy-specialized DEPs (differentially expressed proteins) were screened and divided into two distinctive groups: NP-specialized proteins and CP-specialized proteins. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis indicated that NP-specialized proteins showed hormone- or hormone-inhibitor insensitive expression patterns in both ovaries and seedlings. Conclusions In this study, the global molecular regulation of fruit development in cucumber was revealed at the protein level. Physiological and proteomic comparisons indicated the presence of hormone-independent parthenocarpy and suppression of fruit abortion in cucumber. The proteomic analysis suggested that hormone-independent parthenocarpy is regulated by hormone-insensitive proteins such as the NP-specialized proteins. Moreover, the regulation of fruit abortion suppression may be closely related to protein synthesis pathways.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-017-4290-5Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)ParthenocarpyProteomeiTRAQHormone dependent/independent |
| spellingShingle | Ji Li Jian Xu Qin-Wei Guo Zhe Wu Ting Zhang Kai-Jing Zhang Chun-yan Cheng Pin-yu Zhu Qun-Feng Lou Jin-Feng Chen Proteomic insight into fruit set of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) suggests the cues of hormone-independent parthenocarpy BMC Genomics Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Parthenocarpy Proteome iTRAQ Hormone dependent/independent |
| title | Proteomic insight into fruit set of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) suggests the cues of hormone-independent parthenocarpy |
| title_full | Proteomic insight into fruit set of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) suggests the cues of hormone-independent parthenocarpy |
| title_fullStr | Proteomic insight into fruit set of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) suggests the cues of hormone-independent parthenocarpy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proteomic insight into fruit set of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) suggests the cues of hormone-independent parthenocarpy |
| title_short | Proteomic insight into fruit set of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) suggests the cues of hormone-independent parthenocarpy |
| title_sort | proteomic insight into fruit set of cucumber cucumis sativus l suggests the cues of hormone independent parthenocarpy |
| topic | Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Parthenocarpy Proteome iTRAQ Hormone dependent/independent |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-017-4290-5 |
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