Prevalence of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease as Measured by Low Ankle-Brachial Index in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischemic Events
Background: Low ankle–brachial index (ABI) of ≤0.9 is diagnostic of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). It is also a strong marker of generalized atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of low ABI in patients with acute cerebral ischemic events (ACIE): ischemic...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-10-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/10/3265 |
| _version_ | 1797551202482782208 |
|---|---|
| author | Magdalena Konieczna-Brazis Paweł Sokal Paweł Brazis Tomasz Grzela Milena Świtońska Violetta Palacz-Duda |
| author_facet | Magdalena Konieczna-Brazis Paweł Sokal Paweł Brazis Tomasz Grzela Milena Świtońska Violetta Palacz-Duda |
| author_sort | Magdalena Konieczna-Brazis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Low ankle–brachial index (ABI) of ≤0.9 is diagnostic of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). It is also a strong marker of generalized atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of low ABI in patients with acute cerebral ischemic events (ACIE): ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods: We compared 150 inpatients with ACIE to 50 inpatient controls and assessed risk factors, ABI measurements, and Duplex ultrasound of the cervical vessels. Results: Low ABI was seen in 69 patients (46%) in the ACIE group and in 8 (16%) in the control group; <i>p</i> < 0.01. The mean and median ABI values in the ACIE group were 0.88 (SD = 0.22) and 0.91 (0.24–1.33), which were significantly lower than in the control group: 1.04 (SD = 0.16) and 1.0 (0.66–1.36); <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively. Coronary artery disease, carotid stenosis of ≥50% and smoking were risk factors, which were associated with significantly lower ABI in the study group; the ABI with risk factors vs. without was 0.85 vs. 0.92 (coronary artery disease); <i>p</i> < 0.05, 0.7 vs. 0.92; (carotid stenosis) <i>p</i> < 0.001 and 0.83 vs. 0.98; (smoking) <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that patients with ACIE have significantly higher involvement of another vascular bed as LEAD. Coronary artery disease, carotid stenosis ≥50% and smoking were main risk factors associated with coexistence of LEAD and ACIE. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:41:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2d5ff95b62df4d6f9699d45cf610e85f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:41:13Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d5ff95b62df4d6f9699d45cf610e85f2023-11-20T16:46:43ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-10-01910326510.3390/jcm9103265Prevalence of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease as Measured by Low Ankle-Brachial Index in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischemic EventsMagdalena Konieczna-Brazis0Paweł Sokal1Paweł Brazis2Tomasz Grzela3Milena Świtońska4Violetta Palacz-Duda5Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Dr Jurasz University Hospital No. 1, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Marii Skłodowskiej Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Vascular Surgery, The 10th Military Research Hospital, Powstanców Warszawy 5 Street, 85-681 Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Ujejskiego 75 Street, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, PolandBackground: Low ankle–brachial index (ABI) of ≤0.9 is diagnostic of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). It is also a strong marker of generalized atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of low ABI in patients with acute cerebral ischemic events (ACIE): ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods: We compared 150 inpatients with ACIE to 50 inpatient controls and assessed risk factors, ABI measurements, and Duplex ultrasound of the cervical vessels. Results: Low ABI was seen in 69 patients (46%) in the ACIE group and in 8 (16%) in the control group; <i>p</i> < 0.01. The mean and median ABI values in the ACIE group were 0.88 (SD = 0.22) and 0.91 (0.24–1.33), which were significantly lower than in the control group: 1.04 (SD = 0.16) and 1.0 (0.66–1.36); <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively. Coronary artery disease, carotid stenosis of ≥50% and smoking were risk factors, which were associated with significantly lower ABI in the study group; the ABI with risk factors vs. without was 0.85 vs. 0.92 (coronary artery disease); <i>p</i> < 0.05, 0.7 vs. 0.92; (carotid stenosis) <i>p</i> < 0.001 and 0.83 vs. 0.98; (smoking) <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that patients with ACIE have significantly higher involvement of another vascular bed as LEAD. Coronary artery disease, carotid stenosis ≥50% and smoking were main risk factors associated with coexistence of LEAD and ACIE.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/10/3265strokeTIAlower extremity arterial diseaseankle–brachial index |
| spellingShingle | Magdalena Konieczna-Brazis Paweł Sokal Paweł Brazis Tomasz Grzela Milena Świtońska Violetta Palacz-Duda Prevalence of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease as Measured by Low Ankle-Brachial Index in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischemic Events Journal of Clinical Medicine stroke TIA lower extremity arterial disease ankle–brachial index |
| title | Prevalence of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease as Measured by Low Ankle-Brachial Index in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischemic Events |
| title_full | Prevalence of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease as Measured by Low Ankle-Brachial Index in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischemic Events |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease as Measured by Low Ankle-Brachial Index in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischemic Events |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease as Measured by Low Ankle-Brachial Index in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischemic Events |
| title_short | Prevalence of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease as Measured by Low Ankle-Brachial Index in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischemic Events |
| title_sort | prevalence of lower extremity arterial disease as measured by low ankle brachial index in patients with acute cerebral ischemic events |
| topic | stroke TIA lower extremity arterial disease ankle–brachial index |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/10/3265 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT magdalenakoniecznabrazis prevalenceoflowerextremityarterialdiseaseasmeasuredbylowanklebrachialindexinpatientswithacutecerebralischemicevents AT pawełsokal prevalenceoflowerextremityarterialdiseaseasmeasuredbylowanklebrachialindexinpatientswithacutecerebralischemicevents AT pawełbrazis prevalenceoflowerextremityarterialdiseaseasmeasuredbylowanklebrachialindexinpatientswithacutecerebralischemicevents AT tomaszgrzela prevalenceoflowerextremityarterialdiseaseasmeasuredbylowanklebrachialindexinpatientswithacutecerebralischemicevents AT milenaswitonska prevalenceoflowerextremityarterialdiseaseasmeasuredbylowanklebrachialindexinpatientswithacutecerebralischemicevents AT violettapalaczduda prevalenceoflowerextremityarterialdiseaseasmeasuredbylowanklebrachialindexinpatientswithacutecerebralischemicevents |