Toxicity Assessment of Euphorbia esula L. Extracts on HCT116, SW480, HEK293 Cell Lines, Artemia salina Larvae, and Its Bactericidal Effects
The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential toxicity of acetonic and methanolic extracts derived from the Euphorbia esula L. plant on various cell lines of human colorectal cancer (HCT116 and SW480), human embryonic kidney normal cells (HEK293), Artemia salina larvae, and its bactericidal eff...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of Mazandaran
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Genetic Resources |
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| Online Access: | https://sc.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_4364_297120c10166f824d318672a0be20bbe.pdf |
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| author | Samaneh Rahamouz-Haghighi Neda Mohsen-Pour |
| author_facet | Samaneh Rahamouz-Haghighi Neda Mohsen-Pour |
| author_sort | Samaneh Rahamouz-Haghighi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential toxicity of acetonic and methanolic extracts derived from the Euphorbia esula L. plant on various cell lines of human colorectal cancer (HCT116 and SW480), human embryonic kidney normal cells (HEK293), Artemia salina larvae, and its bactericidal effects. The cytotoxic effect of E. esula extracts on cell lines was performed using the MTT assay. In vitro toxicity and biocompatibility of extracts were also evaluated on A. salina and red blood cells by hemolysis test, respectively. The ability of the extracts to inhibit bacterial growth was examined by using the disc diffusion method, as well as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using the microtiter broth dilution method. Results showed acetonic extract contains the highest concentration of flavonoid (16.17 µg Qu/mg) and phenol (34.84 µg GA/mg) compared to methanolic extract. The anti-proliferative effects of acetonic extract had the highest effect on HCT116 and HEK293 with IC50 of 64.80 µg/mL and 47.82 µg/mL at 72h, respectively. The hemolysis degree of the methanolic extracts was <2% at 400 μg/mL. LC50 for the acetonic and methanolic extracts exhibited moderate and low toxicities on the brine shrimp larvae, with LC50 of 381.969 µg/mL and 1905.77 µg/mL, respectively. The bactericidal effect of 50 mg/mL acetonic extracts showed a clear zone inhibitory growth on Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae with 34 mm and 35mm at the MIC and MBC values of 1000 and 2000 mg/mL, respectively. These findings could help to elucidate the anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, and toxic properties of E. esula extracts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:19:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2d68c623e6954c58805441b664421741 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2423-4257 2588-2589 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:19:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | University of Mazandaran |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Genetic Resources |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d68c623e6954c58805441b6644217412024-01-03T07:27:23ZengUniversity of MazandaranJournal of Genetic Resources2423-42572588-25892023-09-019212313210.22080/jgr.2023.24779.13504364Toxicity Assessment of Euphorbia esula L. Extracts on HCT116, SW480, HEK293 Cell Lines, Artemia salina Larvae, and Its Bactericidal EffectsSamaneh Rahamouz-Haghighi0Neda Mohsen-Pour1Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, IranZanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, IranThe aim of this study is to evaluate the potential toxicity of acetonic and methanolic extracts derived from the Euphorbia esula L. plant on various cell lines of human colorectal cancer (HCT116 and SW480), human embryonic kidney normal cells (HEK293), Artemia salina larvae, and its bactericidal effects. The cytotoxic effect of E. esula extracts on cell lines was performed using the MTT assay. In vitro toxicity and biocompatibility of extracts were also evaluated on A. salina and red blood cells by hemolysis test, respectively. The ability of the extracts to inhibit bacterial growth was examined by using the disc diffusion method, as well as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using the microtiter broth dilution method. Results showed acetonic extract contains the highest concentration of flavonoid (16.17 µg Qu/mg) and phenol (34.84 µg GA/mg) compared to methanolic extract. The anti-proliferative effects of acetonic extract had the highest effect on HCT116 and HEK293 with IC50 of 64.80 µg/mL and 47.82 µg/mL at 72h, respectively. The hemolysis degree of the methanolic extracts was <2% at 400 μg/mL. LC50 for the acetonic and methanolic extracts exhibited moderate and low toxicities on the brine shrimp larvae, with LC50 of 381.969 µg/mL and 1905.77 µg/mL, respectively. The bactericidal effect of 50 mg/mL acetonic extracts showed a clear zone inhibitory growth on Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae with 34 mm and 35mm at the MIC and MBC values of 1000 and 2000 mg/mL, respectively. These findings could help to elucidate the anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, and toxic properties of E. esula extracts.https://sc.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_4364_297120c10166f824d318672a0be20bbe.pdfantibacterial assayartemia salinabrine shrimpcolorectal cancereuphorbia esulaselectivity index |
| spellingShingle | Samaneh Rahamouz-Haghighi Neda Mohsen-Pour Toxicity Assessment of Euphorbia esula L. Extracts on HCT116, SW480, HEK293 Cell Lines, Artemia salina Larvae, and Its Bactericidal Effects Journal of Genetic Resources antibacterial assay artemia salina brine shrimp colorectal cancer euphorbia esula selectivity index |
| title | Toxicity Assessment of Euphorbia esula L. Extracts on HCT116, SW480, HEK293 Cell Lines, Artemia salina Larvae, and Its Bactericidal Effects |
| title_full | Toxicity Assessment of Euphorbia esula L. Extracts on HCT116, SW480, HEK293 Cell Lines, Artemia salina Larvae, and Its Bactericidal Effects |
| title_fullStr | Toxicity Assessment of Euphorbia esula L. Extracts on HCT116, SW480, HEK293 Cell Lines, Artemia salina Larvae, and Its Bactericidal Effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxicity Assessment of Euphorbia esula L. Extracts on HCT116, SW480, HEK293 Cell Lines, Artemia salina Larvae, and Its Bactericidal Effects |
| title_short | Toxicity Assessment of Euphorbia esula L. Extracts on HCT116, SW480, HEK293 Cell Lines, Artemia salina Larvae, and Its Bactericidal Effects |
| title_sort | toxicity assessment of euphorbia esula l extracts on hct116 sw480 hek293 cell lines artemia salina larvae and its bactericidal effects |
| topic | antibacterial assay artemia salina brine shrimp colorectal cancer euphorbia esula selectivity index |
| url | https://sc.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_4364_297120c10166f824d318672a0be20bbe.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT samanehrahamouzhaghighi toxicityassessmentofeuphorbiaesulalextractsonhct116sw480hek293celllinesartemiasalinalarvaeanditsbactericidaleffects AT nedamohsenpour toxicityassessmentofeuphorbiaesulalextractsonhct116sw480hek293celllinesartemiasalinalarvaeanditsbactericidaleffects |