Effects of ENSO events on the intensity, seasonality, and diversity of reproductive phenology of Miconia (Melastomataceae) species in tropical rainforest
Abstract We evaluated the phenology and reproductive phenological diversity of three sympatric species of Miconia in a gallery forest in the Chapada Diamantina mountains, Bahia, Brazil. The reproductive phenophases (bud, flower, immature fruit, and mature fruit) of M. alborufescens (N=38), M. holose...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Instituto Internacional de Ecologia
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842023000101033&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1827631622600523776 |
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| author | A. G. Barros J. S. Costa M. R. O. Lima I. P. Souza L. A. P. Miranda A. P. L. Couto-Santos L. S. Funch |
| author_facet | A. G. Barros J. S. Costa M. R. O. Lima I. P. Souza L. A. P. Miranda A. P. L. Couto-Santos L. S. Funch |
| author_sort | A. G. Barros |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We evaluated the phenology and reproductive phenological diversity of three sympatric species of Miconia in a gallery forest in the Chapada Diamantina mountains, Bahia, Brazil. The reproductive phenophases (bud, flower, immature fruit, and mature fruit) of M. alborufescens (N=38), M. holosericea (N=46), and M. prasina (N=44) were evaluated monthly, between June/2008 and June/2015. The Fournier index was used to assess the intensities of the reproductive phenophases; synchrony and seasonality were analyzed using circular statistics and the Rayleigh (Z) test. The Frideman and Wilcoxon tests were used to verify interannual variations in phenological patterns. Reproductive phenological diversity was measured by calculating the Shannon-Wiener index; ANOVA tested possible differences in the means of diversity among the different years. The reproductive phenophases of the studied Miconia species occurred sequentially (M. alborufescens, then M. holoserica, followed by M. prasina), in the transition between the dry and rainy seasons, with little overlap between them. In general, the species showed seasonal and synchronic phenological patterns, with some variations that coincided with El Niño and/or La Niña events, e.g., demonstrating changes in the periodicity, synchrony, and intensity of their phenophases. The intensity of fruiting, for example, showed increases during La Niña years. Reproductive phenological diversity appears to respond to climate changes resulting from El Niño events and periods of prolonged drought, with high Shannon-Wiener index values. The results also suggest that the effects of global climatic phenomena (El Niño and La Niña) that alter regional climatic seasonality can also cause variations in the reproductive phenological rhythms of the Miconia species studied. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:24:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2d71e3dc117e46039fd6416296969c1a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-4375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:24:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Instituto Internacional de Ecologia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d71e3dc117e46039fd6416296969c1a2023-11-28T07:43:32ZengInstituto Internacional de EcologiaBrazilian Journal of Biology1678-43752023-11-018310.1590/1519-6984.277897Effects of ENSO events on the intensity, seasonality, and diversity of reproductive phenology of Miconia (Melastomataceae) species in tropical rainforestA. G. Barroshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-9242J. S. Costahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5318-2213M. R. O. Limahttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-0351-7931I. P. Souzahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5586-279XL. A. P. Mirandahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1841-1663A. P. L. Couto-Santoshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4349-7136L. S. Funchhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-0187Abstract We evaluated the phenology and reproductive phenological diversity of three sympatric species of Miconia in a gallery forest in the Chapada Diamantina mountains, Bahia, Brazil. The reproductive phenophases (bud, flower, immature fruit, and mature fruit) of M. alborufescens (N=38), M. holosericea (N=46), and M. prasina (N=44) were evaluated monthly, between June/2008 and June/2015. The Fournier index was used to assess the intensities of the reproductive phenophases; synchrony and seasonality were analyzed using circular statistics and the Rayleigh (Z) test. The Frideman and Wilcoxon tests were used to verify interannual variations in phenological patterns. Reproductive phenological diversity was measured by calculating the Shannon-Wiener index; ANOVA tested possible differences in the means of diversity among the different years. The reproductive phenophases of the studied Miconia species occurred sequentially (M. alborufescens, then M. holoserica, followed by M. prasina), in the transition between the dry and rainy seasons, with little overlap between them. In general, the species showed seasonal and synchronic phenological patterns, with some variations that coincided with El Niño and/or La Niña events, e.g., demonstrating changes in the periodicity, synchrony, and intensity of their phenophases. The intensity of fruiting, for example, showed increases during La Niña years. Reproductive phenological diversity appears to respond to climate changes resulting from El Niño events and periods of prolonged drought, with high Shannon-Wiener index values. The results also suggest that the effects of global climatic phenomena (El Niño and La Niña) that alter regional climatic seasonality can also cause variations in the reproductive phenological rhythms of the Miconia species studied.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842023000101033&lng=en&tlng=enclimatic changesEl NiñoLa Niñaphenological diversitysequential flowering |
| spellingShingle | A. G. Barros J. S. Costa M. R. O. Lima I. P. Souza L. A. P. Miranda A. P. L. Couto-Santos L. S. Funch Effects of ENSO events on the intensity, seasonality, and diversity of reproductive phenology of Miconia (Melastomataceae) species in tropical rainforest Brazilian Journal of Biology climatic changes El Niño La Niña phenological diversity sequential flowering |
| title | Effects of ENSO events on the intensity, seasonality, and diversity of reproductive phenology of Miconia (Melastomataceae) species in tropical rainforest |
| title_full | Effects of ENSO events on the intensity, seasonality, and diversity of reproductive phenology of Miconia (Melastomataceae) species in tropical rainforest |
| title_fullStr | Effects of ENSO events on the intensity, seasonality, and diversity of reproductive phenology of Miconia (Melastomataceae) species in tropical rainforest |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of ENSO events on the intensity, seasonality, and diversity of reproductive phenology of Miconia (Melastomataceae) species in tropical rainforest |
| title_short | Effects of ENSO events on the intensity, seasonality, and diversity of reproductive phenology of Miconia (Melastomataceae) species in tropical rainforest |
| title_sort | effects of enso events on the intensity seasonality and diversity of reproductive phenology of miconia melastomataceae species in tropical rainforest |
| topic | climatic changes El Niño La Niña phenological diversity sequential flowering |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842023000101033&lng=en&tlng=en |
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