Glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid and lipid deposition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The metabolic syndrome, known also as the insulin resistance syndrome, refers to the clustering of several risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidaemia is a hallmark of the syndrome and is associated with a...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2010-07-01
|
| Series: | Lipids in Health and Disease |
| Online Access: | http://www.lipidworld.com/content/9/1/81 |
| _version_ | 1818964250620592128 |
|---|---|
| author | Eu Chia Lim Wai Ton So Kadir Khalid |
| author_facet | Eu Chia Lim Wai Ton So Kadir Khalid |
| author_sort | Eu Chia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The metabolic syndrome, known also as the insulin resistance syndrome, refers to the clustering of several risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidaemia is a hallmark of the syndrome and is associated with a whole body reduction in the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), an enzyme under the regulation of the class of nuclear receptors known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR). Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a triterpenoid saponin, is the primary bioactive constituent of the roots of the shrub <it>Glycyrrhiza glabra</it>. Studies have indicated that triterpenoids could act as PPAR agonists and GA is therefore postulated to restore LPL expression in the insulin resistant state.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Oral administration of 100 mg/kg of GA to high-fat diet-induced obese rats for 28 days led to significant reduction in blood glucose concentration and improvement in insulin sensitivity as indicated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p < 0.05). LPL expression was up-regulated in the kidney, heart, quadriceps femoris, abdominal muscle and the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues but down-regulated in the liver - a condition in reverse to that seen in high-fat diet-induced obese rats without GA. With regard to lipid metabolism, GA administration led to significant hypotriglyceridemic and HDL-raising effects (p < 0.05), with a consistent reduction in serum free fatty acid, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and significant decrease in tissue lipid deposition across all studied tissue (p < 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In conclusion, GA may be a potential compound in improving dyslipidaemia by selectively inducing LPL expression in non-hepatic tissues. Such up-regulation was accompanied by a GA-mediated improvement in insulin sensitivity, which may be associated with a decrease in tissue lipid deposition. The HDL-raising effect of GA suggests the antiatherosclerotic properties of GA.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T12:58:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2d76fa01f85642859396d02148f08518 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-511X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T12:58:08Z |
| publishDate | 2010-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Lipids in Health and Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-2d76fa01f85642859396d02148f085182022-12-21T19:40:00ZengBMCLipids in Health and Disease1476-511X2010-07-01918110.1186/1476-511X-9-81Glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid and lipid deposition in high-fat diet-induced obese ratsEu ChiaLim WaiTon SoKadir Khalid<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The metabolic syndrome, known also as the insulin resistance syndrome, refers to the clustering of several risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidaemia is a hallmark of the syndrome and is associated with a whole body reduction in the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), an enzyme under the regulation of the class of nuclear receptors known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR). Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a triterpenoid saponin, is the primary bioactive constituent of the roots of the shrub <it>Glycyrrhiza glabra</it>. Studies have indicated that triterpenoids could act as PPAR agonists and GA is therefore postulated to restore LPL expression in the insulin resistant state.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Oral administration of 100 mg/kg of GA to high-fat diet-induced obese rats for 28 days led to significant reduction in blood glucose concentration and improvement in insulin sensitivity as indicated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p < 0.05). LPL expression was up-regulated in the kidney, heart, quadriceps femoris, abdominal muscle and the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues but down-regulated in the liver - a condition in reverse to that seen in high-fat diet-induced obese rats without GA. With regard to lipid metabolism, GA administration led to significant hypotriglyceridemic and HDL-raising effects (p < 0.05), with a consistent reduction in serum free fatty acid, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and significant decrease in tissue lipid deposition across all studied tissue (p < 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In conclusion, GA may be a potential compound in improving dyslipidaemia by selectively inducing LPL expression in non-hepatic tissues. Such up-regulation was accompanied by a GA-mediated improvement in insulin sensitivity, which may be associated with a decrease in tissue lipid deposition. The HDL-raising effect of GA suggests the antiatherosclerotic properties of GA.</p>http://www.lipidworld.com/content/9/1/81 |
| spellingShingle | Eu Chia Lim Wai Ton So Kadir Khalid Glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid and lipid deposition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats Lipids in Health and Disease |
| title | Glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid and lipid deposition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats |
| title_full | Glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid and lipid deposition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats |
| title_fullStr | Glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid and lipid deposition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid and lipid deposition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats |
| title_short | Glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid and lipid deposition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats |
| title_sort | glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression insulin sensitivity serum lipid and lipid deposition in high fat diet induced obese rats |
| url | http://www.lipidworld.com/content/9/1/81 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT euchia glycyrrhizicacidimprovedlipoproteinlipaseexpressioninsulinsensitivityserumlipidandlipiddepositioninhighfatdietinducedobeserats AT limwai glycyrrhizicacidimprovedlipoproteinlipaseexpressioninsulinsensitivityserumlipidandlipiddepositioninhighfatdietinducedobeserats AT tonso glycyrrhizicacidimprovedlipoproteinlipaseexpressioninsulinsensitivityserumlipidandlipiddepositioninhighfatdietinducedobeserats AT kadirkhalid glycyrrhizicacidimprovedlipoproteinlipaseexpressioninsulinsensitivityserumlipidandlipiddepositioninhighfatdietinducedobeserats |